2005-2011 Ford Explorer SUV Tires, Wheels and Loading User Manual

MY CAR USER MANUAL

Tires, Wheels and Loading for Your Ford Explorer SUV Fifth Generation (2005-2011)

Tires, Wheels and Loading  
NOTICE TO UTILITY VEHICLE AND TRUCK OWNERS  
Utility vehicles and trucks handle  
differently than passenger cars in  
the various driving conditions that  
are encountered on streets,  
highways and off-road. Utility  
vehicles and trucks are not designed  
for cornering at speeds as high as  
passenger cars any more than  
low-slung sports cars are designed  
to perform satisfactorily under  
off-road conditions.  
WARNING: Utility vehicles have a significantly higher rollover  
rate than other types of vehicles. To reduce the risk of serious  
injury or death from a rollover or other crash you must:  
• Avoid sharp turns and abrupt maneuvers;  
• Drive at safe speeds for the conditions;  
• Keep tires properly inflated;  
• Never overload or improperly load your vehicle; and  
• Make sure every passenger is properly restrained.  
WARNING: In a rollover crash, an unbelted person is  
significantly more likely to die than a person wearing a seat belt.  
All occupants must wear seat belts and children/infants must use  
appropriate restraints to minimize the risk of injury or ejection.  
Study your owner’s guide and any supplements for specific information  
about equipment features, instructions for safe driving and additional  
precautions to reduce the risk of an accident or serious injury.  
VEHICLE CHARACTERISTICS  
4WD and AWD Systems (if equipped)  
A vehicle equipped with AWD or 4WD (when selected) has the ability to  
use all four wheels to power itself. This increases traction which may  
enable you to safely drive over terrain and road conditions that a  
conventional two-wheel drive vehicle cannot.  
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Power is supplied to all four wheels through a transfer case or power  
transfer unit. 4WD vehicles allow you to select different drive modes as  
necessary. Information on transfer case operation and shifting procedures  
can be found in the Driving chapter. Information on transfer case  
maintenance can be found in the Maintenance and Specifications  
chapter. You should become thoroughly familiar with this information  
before you operate your vehicle.  
On some 4WD models, the initial shift from two-wheel drive to 4WD  
while the vehicle is moving can cause a momentary clunk and ratcheting  
sound. These sounds are normal as the front drivetrain comes up to  
speed and is not cause for concern.  
WARNING: Do not become overconfident in the ability of 4WD  
and AWD vehicles. Although a 4WD or AWD vehicle may  
accelerate better than two-wheel drive vehicle in low traction  
situations, it won’t stop any faster than two-wheel drive vehicles.  
Always drive at a safe speed.  
How your vehicle differs from other vehicles  
SUV and trucks can differ from  
some other vehicles in a few  
noticeable ways. Your vehicle may  
be:  
• Higher – to allow higher load  
carrying capacity and to allow it  
to travel over rough terrain  
without getting hung up or  
damaging underbody components.  
• Shorter – to give it the capability  
to approach inclines and drive  
over the crest of a hill without  
getting hung up or damaging  
underbody components. All other  
things held equal, a shorter  
wheelbase may make your vehicle  
quicker to respond to steering inputs than a vehicle with a longer  
wheelbase.  
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• Narrower — to provide greater  
maneuverability in tight spaces,  
particularly in off-road use.  
As a result of the above dimensional  
differences, SUV’s and trucks often  
will have a higher center of gravity  
and a greater difference in center of  
gravity between the loaded and  
unloaded condition.  
These differences that make your  
vehicle so versatile also make it  
handle differently than an ordinary  
passenger car.  
INFORMATION ABOUT UNIFORM TIRE QUALITY GRADING  
Tire Quality Grades apply to new  
pneumatic passenger car tires. The  
Quality grades can be found where  
applicable on the tire sidewall  
between tread shoulder and  
maximum section width. For  
example:  
• Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A  
These Tire Quality Grades are determined by standards that the United  
States Department of Transportation has set.  
Tire Quality Grades apply to new pneumatic passenger car tires. They do  
not apply to deep tread, winter-type snow tires, space-saver or  
temporary use spare tires, light truck or “LT” type tires, tires with  
nominal rim diameters of 10 to 12 inches or limited production tires as  
defined in Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations Part 575.104(c)(2).  
U.S. Department of Transportation-Tire quality grades: The U.S.  
Department of Transportation requires Ford Motor Company to give you  
the following information about tire grades exactly as the government  
has written it.  
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Treadwear  
The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of  
the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified  
government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one  
and one-half (11⁄  
) times as well on the government course as a tire  
2
graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual  
conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the  
norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices, and  
differences in road characteristics and climate.  
Traction AA A B C  
The traction grades, from highest to lowest are AA, A, B, and C. The  
grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured  
under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of  
asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction  
performance.  
WARNING: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on  
straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does not include  
acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning or peak traction characteristics.  
Temperature A B C  
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B and C, representing the  
tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat  
when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory  
test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire  
to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to  
sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance  
which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle  
Safety Standard No. 139. Grades B and A represent higher levels of  
performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by  
law.  
WARNING: The temperature grade for this tire is established  
for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive  
speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in  
combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure.  
TIRES  
Tires are designed to give many thousands of miles of service, but they  
must be maintained in order to get the maximum benefit from them.  
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Glossary of tire terminology  
• Tire label: A label showing the OE (Original Equipment) tire sizes,  
recommended inflation pressure and the maximum weight the vehicle  
can carry.  
• Tire Identification Number (TIN): A number on the sidewall of  
each tire providing information about the tire brand and  
manufacturing plant, tire size and date of manufacture. Also referred  
to as DOT code.  
• Inflation pressure: A measure of the amount of air in a tire.  
• Standard load: A class of P-metric or Metric tires designed to carry a  
maximum load at 35 psi [37 psi (2.5 bar) for Metric tires]. Increasing  
the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase the tire’s  
load carrying capability.  
• Extra load: A class of P-metric or Metric tires designed to carry a  
heavier maximum load at 41 psi [43 psi (2.9 bar) for Metric tires].  
Increasing the inflation pressure beyond this pressure will not increase  
the tire’s load carrying capability.  
• kPa: Kilopascal, a metric unit of air pressure.  
• PSI: Pounds per square inch, a standard unit of air pressure.  
• Cold inflation pressure: The tire pressure when the vehicle has  
been stationary and out of direct sunlight for an hour or more and  
prior to the vehicle being driven for 1 mile (1.6 km).  
• Recommended inflation pressure: The cold inflation pressure found  
on the Safety Compliance Certification Label or Tire Label located on  
the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door.  
• B-pillar: The structural member at the side of the vehicle behind the  
front door.  
• Bead area of the tire: Area of the tire next to the rim.  
• Sidewall of the tire: Area between the bead area and the tread.  
• Tread area of the tire: Area of the perimeter of the tire that  
contacts the road when mounted on the vehicle.  
• Rim: The metal support (wheel) for a tire or a tire and tube assembly  
upon which the tire beads are seated.  
INFLATING YOUR TIRES  
Safe operation of your vehicle requires that your tires are properly  
inflated. Remember that a tire can lose up to half of its air pressure  
without appearing flat.  
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Every day before you drive, check your tires. If one looks lower than the  
others, use a tire gauge to check pressure of all tires and adjust if  
required.  
At least once a month and before long trips, inspect each tire and check  
the tire pressure with a tire gauge (including spare, if equipped). Inflate  
all tires to the inflation pressure recommended by Ford Motor Company.  
You are strongly urged to buy a reliable tire pressure gauge, as automatic  
service station gauges may be inaccurate. Ford recommends the use of a  
digital or dial-type tire pressure gauge rather than a stick-type tire  
pressure gauge.  
Use the recommended cold inflation pressure for optimum tire  
performance and wear. Under-inflation or over-inflation may cause  
uneven treadwear patterns.  
WARNING: Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire  
failures and may result in severe tire cracking, tread separation  
or ЉblowoutЉ, with unexpected loss of vehicle control and increased risk  
of injury. Under-inflation increases sidewall flexing and rolling  
resistance, resulting in heat buildup and internal damage to the tire. It  
also may result in unnecessary tire stress, irregular wear, loss of  
vehicle control and accidents. A tire can lose up to half of its air  
pressure and not appear to be flat!  
Always inflate your tires to the Ford recommended inflation pressure  
even if it is less than the maximum inflation pressure information found  
on the tire. The Ford recommended tire inflation pressure is found on  
the Safety Compliance Certification Label or Tire Label which is located  
on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. Failure to follow the tire  
pressure recommendations can cause uneven treadwear patterns and  
adversely affect the way your vehicle handles.  
Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure is the tire manufacturer’s  
maximum permissible pressure and/or the pressure at which the  
maximum load can be carried by the tire. This pressure is normally  
higher than the manufacturer’s recommended cold inflation pressure  
which can be found on the Safety Compliance Certification Label or Tire  
Label which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door.  
The cold inflation pressure should never be set lower than the  
recommended pressure on the Safety Compliance Certification Label or  
Tire Label.  
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When weather temperature changes occur, tire inflation pressures also  
change. A 10°F (6°C) temperature drop can cause a corresponding drop  
of 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check your tire pressures  
frequently and adjust them to the proper pressure which can be found  
on the Safety Compliance Certification Label or Tire Label.  
To check the pressure in your tire(s):  
1. Make sure the tires are cool, meaning they are not hot from driving  
even a mile.  
If you are checking tire pressure when the tire is hot, (i.e. driven more  
than 1 mile [1.6 km]), never “bleed” or reduce air pressure. The tires are  
hot from driving and it is normal for pressures to increase above  
recommended cold pressures. A hot tire at or below recommended cold  
inflation pressure could be significantly under-inflated.  
Note: If you have to drive a distance to get air for your tire(s), check  
and record the tire pressure first and add the appropriate air pressure  
when you get to the pump. It is normal for tires to heat up and the air  
pressure inside to go up as you drive.  
2. Remove the cap from the valve on one tire, then firmly press the tire  
gauge onto the valve and measure the pressure.  
3. Add enough air to reach the recommended air pressure.  
Note: If you overfill the tire, release air by pressing on the metal stem in  
the center of the valve. Then recheck the pressure with your tire gauge.  
4. Replace the valve cap.  
5. Repeat this procedure for each tire, including the spare.  
Note: Some spare tires operate at a higher inflation pressure than the  
other tires. For T-type/mini-spare tires (see the Dissimilar spare  
tire/wheel information section for description): Store and maintain at  
60 psi (4.15 bar). For Full Size and Dissimilar spare tires (see the  
Dissimilar spare tire/wheel information section for description): Store  
and maintain at the higher of the front and rear inflation pressure as  
shown on the Tire Label.  
6. Visually inspect the tires to make sure there are no nails or other  
objects embedded that could poke a hole in the tire and cause an air  
leak.  
7. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are no gouges, cuts or bulges.  
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TIRE CARE  
Inspecting your tires and wheel valve stems  
Periodically inspect the tire treads for uneven or excessive wear and  
remove objects such as stones, nails or glass that may be wedged in the  
tread grooves. Check the tire and valve stems for holes, cracks, or cuts  
that may permit air leakage and repair or replace the tire and replace  
the valve stem. Inspect the tire sidewalls for cracking, cuts, bruises and  
other signs of damage or excessive wear. If internal damage to the tire is  
suspected, have the tire demounted and inspected in case it needs to be  
repaired or replaced. For your safety, tires that are damaged or show  
signs of excessive wear should not be used because they are more likely  
to blow out or fail.  
Improper or inadequate vehicle maintenance can cause tires to wear  
abnormally. Inspect all your tires, including the spare, frequently, and  
replace them if one or more of the following conditions exist:  
Tire wear  
When the tread is worn down to  
1/16th of an inch (2 mm), tires must  
be replaced to help prevent your  
vehicle from skidding and  
hydroplaning. Built-in treadwear  
indicators, or “wear bars”, which  
look like narrow strips of smooth  
rubber across the tread will appear  
on the tire when the tread is worn  
down to 1/16th of an inch (2 mm).  
When the tire tread wears down to  
the same height as these “wear bars”, the tire is worn out and must be  
replaced.  
Damage  
Periodically inspect the tire treads and sidewalls for damage (such as  
bulges in the tread or sidewalls, cracks in the tread groove and  
separation in the tread or sidewall). If damage is observed or suspected  
have the tire inspected by a tire professional. Tires can be damaged  
during off-road use, so inspection after off-road use is also  
recommended.  
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WARNING: Age  
Tires degrade over time depending on many factors such as  
weather, storage conditions, and conditions of use (load, speed,  
inflation pressure, etc.) the tires experience throughout their lives.  
In general, tires should be replaced after six years regardless of tread  
wear. However, heat caused by hot climates or frequent high loading  
conditions can accelerate the aging process and may require tires to be  
replaced more frequently.  
You should replace your spare tire when you replace the road tires or  
after six years due to aging even if it has not been used.  
U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN)  
Both U.S. and Canada Federal regulations require tire manufacturers to  
place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires. This  
information identifies and describes the fundamental characteristics of  
the tire and also provides a U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number for  
safety standard certification and in case of a recall.  
This begins with the letters “DOT” and indicates that the tire meets all  
federal standards. The next two numbers or letters are the plant code  
designating where it was manufactured, the next two are the tire size  
code and the last four numbers represent the week and year the tire was  
built. For example, the numbers 317 mean the 31st week of 1997. After  
2000 the numbers go to four digits. For example, 2501 means the 25th  
week of 2001. The numbers in between are identification codes used for  
traceability. This information is used to contact customers if a tire defect  
requires a recall.  
Tire replacement requirements  
Your vehicle is equipped with tires designed to provide a safe ride and  
handling capability.  
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WARNING: Only use replacement tires and wheels that are the  
same size, load index, speed rating and type (such as P-metric  
versus LT-metric or all-season versus all-terrain) as those originally  
provided by Ford. The recommended tire and wheel size may be found  
on either the Safety Compliance Certification Label or the Tire Label  
which is located on the B-Pillar or edge of the driver’s door. If this  
information is not found on these labels then you should contact your  
authorized dealer as soon as possible. Use of any tire or wheel not  
recommended by Ford can affect the safety and performance of your  
vehicle, which could result in an increased risk of loss of vehicle  
control, vehicle rollover, personal injury and death. Additionally the use  
of non-recommended tires and wheels could cause steering,  
suspension, axle or transfer case/power transfer unit failure. If you  
have questions regarding tire replacement, contact your authorized  
dealer as soon as possible.  
WARNING: When mounting replacement tires and wheels, you  
should not exceed the maximum pressure indicated on the  
sidewall of the tire to set the beads without additional precautions  
listed below. If the beads do not seat at the maximum pressure  
indicated, re-lubricate and try again.  
When inflating the tire for mounting pressures up to 20 psi (1.38 bar)  
greater than the maximum pressure on the tire sidewall, the following  
precautions must be taken to protect the person mounting the tire:  
1. Make sure that you have the correct tire and wheel size.  
2. Lubricate the tire bead and wheel bead seat area again.  
3. Stand at a minimum of 12 ft. (3.66 m) away from the tire wheel  
assembly.  
4. Use both eye and ear protection.  
For a mounting pressure more than 20 psi (1.38 bar) greater than the  
maximum pressure, a Ford Dealer or other tire service professional  
should do the mounting.  
Always inflate steel carcass tires with a remote air fill with the person  
inflating standing at a minimum of 12 ft. (3.66 m) away from the tire  
wheel assembly.  
Important: Remember to replace the wheel valve stems when the road  
tires are replaced on your vehicle.  
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It is recommended that the two front tires or two rear tires generally be  
replaced as a pair.  
The tire pressure sensors mounted in the wheels (originally installed on  
your vehicle) are not designed to be used in aftermarket wheels.  
The use of wheels or tires not recommended by Ford Motor Company  
may affect the operation of your Tire Pressure Monitoring System.  
If the TPMS indicator is flashing, your TPMS is malfunctioning. Your  
replacement tire might be incompatible with your TPMS, or some  
component of the TPMS may be damaged.  
Safety practices  
Driving habits have a great deal to do with your tire mileage and safety.  
• Observe posted speed limits  
• Avoid fast starts, stops and turns  
• Avoid potholes and objects on the road  
• Do not run over curbs or hit the tire against a curb when parking  
WARNING: If your vehicle is stuck in snow, mud, sand, etc., do  
not rapidly spin the tires; spinning the tires can tear the tire and  
cause an explosion. A tire can explode in as little as three to five  
seconds.  
WARNING: Do not spin the wheels at over 35 mph (56 km/h).  
The tires may fail and injure a passenger or bystander.  
Highway hazards  
No matter how carefully you drive there’s always the possibility that you  
may eventually have a flat tire on the highway. Drive slowly to the  
closest safe area out of traffic. This may further damage the flat tire, but  
your safety is more important.  
If you feel a sudden vibration or ride disturbance while driving, or you  
suspect your tire or vehicle has been damaged, immediately reduce your  
speed. Drive with caution until you can safely pull off the road. Stop and  
inspect the tires for damage. If a tire is under-inflated or damaged,  
deflate it, remove wheel and replace it with your spare tire and wheel. If  
you cannot detect a cause, have the vehicle towed to the nearest repair  
facility or tire dealer to have the vehicle inspected.  
Tire and wheel alignment  
A bad jolt from hitting a curb or pothole can cause the front end of your  
vehicle to become misaligned or cause damage to your tires. If your  
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vehicle seems to pull to one side when you’re driving, the wheels may be  
out of alignment. Have an authorized dealer check the wheel alignment  
periodically.  
Wheel misalignment in the front or the rear can cause uneven and rapid  
treadwear of your tires and should be corrected by an authorized dealer.  
Front wheel drive (FWD) vehicles and those with an independent rear  
suspension (if equipped) may require alignment of all four wheels.  
The tires should also be balanced periodically. An unbalanced tire and  
wheel assembly may result in irregular tire wear.  
Tire rotation  
Rotating your tires at the recommended interval (as indicated in the  
scheduled maintenance information that comes with your vehicle) will  
help your tires wear more evenly, providing better tire performance and  
longer tire life.  
• Rear Wheel Drive (RWD)  
vehicles/Four Wheel Drive  
(4WD)/All Wheel Drive (AWD)  
vehicles (front tires at top of  
diagram)  
Sometimes irregular tire wear can be corrected by rotating the tires.  
Note: If your tires show uneven wear ask an authorized dealer to check  
for and correct any wheel misalignment, tire imbalance or mechanical  
problem involved before tire rotation.  
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Note: Your vehicle may be equipped with a dissimilar spare tire/wheel. A  
dissimilar spare tire/wheel is defined as a spare tire and/or wheel that is  
different in brand, size or appearance from the road tires and wheels. If  
you have a dissimilar spare tire/wheel it is intended for temporary use  
only and should not be used in a tire rotation.  
Note: After having your tires rotated, inflation pressure must be checked  
and adjusted to the vehicle requirements.  
INFORMATION CONTAINED ON THE TIRE SIDEWALL  
Both U.S. and Canada Federal regulations require tire manufacturers to  
place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires. This  
information identifies and describes the fundamental characteristics of  
the tire and also provides a U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number for  
safety standard certification and in case of a recall.  
Information on “P” type tires  
P215/65R15 95H is an example of a  
tire size, load index and speed  
rating. The definitions of these  
items are listed below. (Note that  
the tire size, load index and speed  
rating for your vehicle may be  
different from this example.)  
1. P: Indicates a tire, designated by  
the Tire and Rim Association  
(T&RA), that may be used for  
service on cars, SUVs, minivans and  
light trucks.  
Note: If your tire size does not  
begin with a letter this may mean it  
is designated by either ETRTO  
(European Tire and Rim Technical Organization) or JATMA (Japan Tire  
Manufacturing Association).  
2. 215: Indicates the nominal width of the tire in millimeters from  
sidewall edge to sidewall edge. In general, the larger the number, the  
wider the tire.  
3. 65: Indicates the aspect ratio which gives the tire’s ratio of height to  
width.  
4. R: Indicates a “radial” type tire.  
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5. 15: Indicates the wheel or rim diameter in inches. If you change your  
wheel size, you will have to purchase new tires to match the new wheel  
diameter.  
6. 95: Indicates the tire’s load index. It is an index that relates to how  
much weight a tire can carry. You may find this information in your  
Owner’s Guide. If not, contact a local tire dealer.  
Note: You may not find this information on all tires because it is not  
required by federal law.  
7. H: Indicates the tire’s speed rating. The speed rating denotes the  
speed at which a tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of  
time under a standard condition of load and inflation pressure. The tires  
on your vehicle may operate at different conditions for load and inflation  
pressure. These speed ratings may need to be adjusted for the difference  
in conditions. The ratings range from 81 mph (130 km/h) to 186 mph  
(299 km/h). These ratings are listed in the following chart.  
Note: You may not find this information on all tires because it is not  
required by federal law.  
Letter rating  
Speed rating - mph (km/h)  
81 mph (130 km/h)  
87 mph (140 km/h)  
99 mph (159 km/h)  
106 mph (171 km/h)  
112 mph (180 km/h)  
118 mph (190 km/h)  
124 mph (200 km/h)  
130 mph (210 km/h)  
149 mph (240 km/h)  
168 mph (270 km/h)  
186 mph (299 km/h)  
M
N
Q
R
S
T
U
H
V
W
Y
Note: For tires with a maximum speed capability over 149 mph  
(240 km/h), tire manufacturers sometimes use the letters ZR. For  
those with a maximum speed capability over 186 mph (299 km/h), tire  
manufacturers always use the letters ZR.  
8. U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN): This begins with the  
letters “DOT” and indicates that the tire meets all federal standards. The  
next two numbers or letters are the plant code designating where it was  
manufactured, the next two are the tire size code and the last four  
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numbers represent the week and year the tire was built. For example,  
the numbers 317 mean the 31st week of 1997. After 2000 the numbers  
go to four digits. For example, 2501 means the 25th week of 2001. The  
numbers in between are identification codes used for traceability. This  
information is used to contact customers if a tire defect requires a recall.  
9. M+S or M/S: Mud and Snow, or  
AT: All Terrain, or  
AS: All Season.  
10. Tire Ply Composition and Material Used: Indicates the number of  
plies or the number of layers of rubber-coated fabric in the tire tread and  
sidewall. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the ply materials in the  
tire and the sidewall, which include steel, nylon, polyester, and others.  
11. Maximum Load: Indicates the maximum load in kilograms and  
pounds that can be carried by the tire. Refer to the Safety Compliance  
Certification Label, which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the  
driver’s door, for the correct tire pressure for your vehicle.  
12. Treadwear, Traction and Temperature Grades  
• Treadwear: The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the  
wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a  
specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150  
would wear one and one-half (11⁄  
course as a tire graded 100.  
2) times as well on the government  
• Traction: The traction grades, from highest to lowest are AA, A, B,  
and C. The grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement  
as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test  
surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor  
traction performance.  
• Temperature: The temperature grades are A (the highest), B and C,  
representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its  
ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a  
specified indoor laboratory test wheel.  
13. Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure: Indicates the tire  
manufacturers’ maximum permissible pressure and/or the pressure at  
which the maximum load can be carried by the tire. This pressure is  
normally higher than the manufacturer’s recommended cold inflation  
pressure which can be found on the Safety Compliance Certification  
Label or Tire Label which is located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the  
driver’s door. The cold inflation pressure should never be set lower than  
the recommended pressure on the vehicle label.  
The tire suppliers may have additional markings, notes or warnings such  
as standard load, radial tubeless, etc.  
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Additional information contained on the tire sidewall for “LT” type  
tires  
“LT” type tires have some additional  
information beyond those of “P”  
type tires; these differences are  
described below.  
Note: Tire Quality Grades do not  
apply to this type of tire.  
1. LT: Indicates a tire, designated by  
the Tire and Rim Association  
(T&RA), that is intended for service  
on light trucks.  
2. Load Range/Load Inflation  
Limits: Indicates the tire’s  
load-carrying capabilities and its  
inflation limits.  
3. Maximum Load Dual lb (kg) at psi (kPa) cold: Indicates the  
maximum load and tire pressure when the tire is used as a dual; defined  
as four tires on the rear axle (a total of six or more tires on the vehicle).  
4. Maximum Load Single lb (kg) at psi (kPa) cold: Indicates the  
maximum load and tire pressure when the tire is used as a single;  
defined as two tires (total) on the rear axle.  
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Information on “T” type tires  
“T” type tires have some additional  
information beyond those of “P”  
type tires; these differences are  
described below:  
T145/80D16 is an example of a tire  
size.  
Note: The temporary tire size for  
your vehicle may be different from  
this example. Tire Quality Grades do  
not apply to this type of tire.  
1. T: Indicates a type of tire,  
designated by the Tire and Rim  
Association (T&RA), that is  
intended for temporary service on  
cars, SUVs, minivans and light  
trucks.  
2. 145: Indicates the nominal width  
of the tire in millimeters from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. In general,  
the larger the number, the wider the tire.  
3. 80: Indicates the aspect ratio which gives the tire’s ratio of height to  
width. Numbers of 70 or lower indicate a short sidewall.  
4. D: Indicates a “diagonal” type tire.  
R: Indicates a “radial” type tire.  
5. 16: Indicates the wheel or rim diameter in inches. If you change your  
wheel size, you will have to purchase new tires to match the new wheel  
diameter.  
Location of the tire label  
You will find a Tire Label containing tire inflation pressure by tire size  
and other important information located on the B-Pillar or the edge of  
the driver’s door. Refer to the payload description and graphic in the  
Vehicle loading — with and without a trailer section.  
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TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM (TPMS)  
Each tire, including the spare (if  
provided), should be checked  
monthly when cold and inflated to  
the inflation pressure recommended  
by the vehicle manufacturer on the  
vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires  
of a different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire  
inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire inflation  
pressure for those tires.)  
As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire  
pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pressure  
telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated.  
Accordingly, when the low tire pressure telltale illuminates, you should  
stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the  
proper pressure. Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the  
tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces  
fuel efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle’s handling  
and stopping ability.  
Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire  
maintenance, and it is the driver’s responsibility to maintain correct tire  
pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger  
illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale.  
Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator  
to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The TPMS  
malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale.  
When the system detects a malfunction, the telltale will flash for  
approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated.  
This sequence will continue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as  
the malfunction exists.  
When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be  
able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions  
may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of  
replacement or alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle that prevent the  
TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction  
telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to  
ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the  
TPMS to continue to function properly.  
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The Tire Pressure Monitoring System complies with part 15 of the FCC  
rules and with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the  
following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful  
interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received,  
including interference that may cause undesired operation.  
WARNING: The Tire Pressure Monitoring System is NOT a  
substitute for manually checking tire pressure. The tire pressure  
should be checked periodically (at least monthly) using a tire gauge,  
see Inflating your tires in this chapter. Failure to properly maintain  
your tire pressure could increase the risk of tire failure, loss of control,  
vehicle rollover and personal injury.  
Changing tires with TPMS  
Each road tire is equipped with  
a tire pressure sensor fastened  
to the inside rim of the wheel.  
The pressure sensor is covered  
by the tire and is not visible  
unless the tire is removed. The  
pressure sensor is located  
opposite (180 degrees) from the  
valve stem. Care must be taken  
when changing the tire to avoid  
damaging the sensor. It is  
recommended that you always have  
your tires serviced by an authorized  
dealer.  
The tire pressure should be checked  
periodically (at least monthly) using  
an accurate tire gauge, refer to  
Inflating your tires in this chapter.  
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Understanding your Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)  
The Tire Pressure Monitoring System measures pressure in your four  
road tires and sends the tire pressure readings to your vehicle. The Low  
Tire Pressure Warning Lamp will turn ON if the tire pressure is  
significantly low. Once the light is illuminated, your tires are under  
inflated and need to be inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended tire  
pressure. Even if the light turns ON and a short time later turns OFF,  
your tire pressure still needs to be checked. Visit www.checkmytires.org  
for additional information.  
When your temporary spare tire is installed  
When one of your road tires needs to be replaced with the temporary  
spare, the TPMS system will continue to identify an issue to remind you  
that the damaged road wheel/tire needs to be repaired and put back on  
your vehicle.  
To restore the full functionality of the Tire Pressure Monitoring System,  
have the damaged road wheel/tire repaired and remounted on your  
vehicle. For additional information, refer to Changing tires with TPMS  
in this section.  
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When you believe your system is not operating properly  
The main function of the Tire Pressure Monitoring System is to warn you  
when your tires need air. It can also warn you in the event the system is no  
longer capable of functioning as intended. Please refer to the following  
chart for information concerning your Tire Pressure Monitoring System:  
Low Tire Pressure Possible cause Customer Action Required  
Warning Light  
Solid Warning Light Tire(s)  
under-inflated  
1. Check your tire pressure to  
ensure tires are properly  
inflated; refer to Inflating  
your tires in this chapter.  
2. After inflating your tires to  
the manufacturer’s  
recommended inflation  
pressure as shown on the Tire  
Label (located on the edge of  
driver’s door or the B-Pillar),  
the vehicle must be driven for  
at least two minutes over  
20 mph (32 km/h) before the  
light will turn OFF.  
Spare tire in use Your temporary spare tire is in  
use. Repair the damaged road  
wheel/tire and reinstall it on  
the vehicle to restore system  
functionality. For a description  
on how the system functions,  
refer to When your temporary  
spare tire is installed in this  
section.  
TPMS  
malfunction  
If your tires are properly  
inflated and your spare tire is  
not in use and the light  
remains ON, contact your  
authorized dealer as soon as  
possible.  
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Low Tire Pressure Possible cause Customer Action Required  
Warning Light  
Flashing Warning  
Light  
Spare tire in use Your temporary spare tire is in  
use. Repair the damaged road  
wheel and re-mount it on the  
vehicle to restore system  
functionality. For a description  
of how the system functions  
under these conditions, refer to  
When your temporary spare  
tire is installed in this section.  
TPMS  
malfunction  
If your tires are properly  
inflated and your spare tire is  
not in use and the TPMS  
warning light still flashes,  
contact your authorized dealer  
as soon as possible.  
When inflating your tires  
When putting air into your tires (such as at a gas station or in your  
garage), the Tire Pressure Monitoring System may not respond  
immediately to the air added to your tires.  
It may take up to two minutes of driving over 20 mph (32 km/h) for the  
light to turn OFF after you have filled your tires to the recommended  
inflation pressure.  
How temperature affects your tire pressure  
The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) monitors tire pressure in  
each pneumatic tire. While driving in a normal manner, a typical  
passenger tire inflation pressure may increase approximately 2 to 4 psi  
(14 to 28 kPa) from a cold start situation. If the vehicle is stationary  
over night with the outside temperature significantly lower than the  
daytime temperature, the tire pressure may decrease approximately 3 psi  
(21 kPa) for a drop of 30°F (17°C) in ambient temperature. This lower  
pressure value may be detected by the TPMS as being significantly lower  
than the recommended inflation pressure and activate the TPMS warning  
for low tire pressure. If the low tire pressure warning light is ON, visually  
check each tire to verify that no tire is flat. (If one or more tires are flat,  
repair as necessary.) Check air pressure in the road tires. If any tire is  
under-inflated, carefully drive the vehicle to the nearest location where  
air can be added to the tires. Inflate all the tires to the recommended  
inflation pressure.  
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SNOW TIRES AND CABLES  
WARNING: Snow tires must be the same size, load index, speed  
rating as those originally provided by Ford. The use of  
non-recommended tires and wheels could cause steering, suspension,  
axle or transfer case/power transfer unit failure. Using any tire or  
wheel not recommended by Ford may increase the risk of loss of  
vehicle control or vehicle rollover, which could result in personal injury  
or death.  
The tires on your vehicle have all-weather treads to provide traction in  
rain and snow. However, in some climates, using snow tires or traction  
devices may be necessary. Ford offers tire cables as a Ford approved  
accessory and recommends use of these or SAE class “S” tire cables. See  
your authorized dealer for more information on tire cables for your  
vehicle.  
Follow these guidelines when using snow tires and traction devices:  
• Use only SAE Class S cables.  
• Cables should only be used on the rear wheels.  
• Do not use tire cables or optional traction devices on 17, 18 or 20 inch  
wheels and tires.  
• Install cables securely, verifying that the cables do not touch any  
wiring, brake lines or fuel lines.  
• Drive cautiously. If you hear the cables rub or bang against the  
vehicle, stop and retighten them. If this does not work, remove the  
cables to prevent vehicle damage.  
• Avoid overloading your vehicle.  
• Remove the cables when they are no longer needed.  
• Do not use cables on dry roads.  
• Do not exceed 30 mph (48 km/h) with tire cables on your vehicle.  
Consult your authorized dealer for information on other Ford Motor  
Company approved methods of traction control.  
VEHICLE LOADING – WITH AND WITHOUT A TRAILER  
This section will guide you in the proper loading of your vehicle and/or  
trailer, to keep your loaded vehicle weight within its design rating  
capability, with or without a trailer. Properly loading your vehicle will  
provide maximum return of vehicle design performance. Before loading  
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your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining  
your vehicle’s weight ratings, with or without a trailer, from the vehicle’s  
Tire Label or Safety Compliance Certification Label:  
Base Curb Weight – is the weight of the vehicle including a full tank of  
fuel and all standard equipment. It does not include passengers, cargo, or  
optional equipment.  
Vehicle Curb Weight – is the weight of your new vehicle when you  
picked it up from your authorized dealer plus any aftermarket  
equipment.  
Payload – is the combined weight of cargo and passengers that the  
vehicle is carrying. The maximum payload for your vehicle can be found  
on the Tire Label on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door  
(vehicles exported outside the US and Canada may not have a Tire  
Label). Look for “THE COMBINED WEIGHT OF OCCUPANTS AND  
CARGO SHOULD NEVER EXCEED XXX kg OR XXX lb.” for  
maximum payload. The payload listed on the Tire Label is the maximum  
payload for the vehicle as built by the assembly plant. If any aftermarket  
or authorized-dealer installed equipment has been installed on the  
vehicle, the weight of the equipment must be subtracted from the  
payload listed on the Tire Label in order to determine the new payload.  
WARNING: The appropriate loading capacity of your vehicle can  
be limited either by volume capacity (how much space is  
available) or by payload capacity (how much weight the vehicle should  
carry). Once you have reached the maximum payload of your vehicle,  
do not add more cargo, even if there is space available. Overloading or  
improperly loading your vehicle can contribute to loss of vehicle  
control and vehicle rollover.  
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Example only:  
Cargo Weight – includes all weight added to the Base Curb Weight,  
including cargo and optional equipment. When towing, trailer tongue load  
or king pin weight is also part of cargo weight.  
GAW (Gross Axle Weight) – is the total weight placed on each axle  
(front and rear) – including vehicle curb weight and all payload.  
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GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating) – is the maximum allowable  
weight that can be carried by a single axle (front or rear). These  
numbers are shown on the Safety Compliance Certification Label  
located on the B-Pillar or the edge of the driver’s door. The total  
load on each axle must never exceed its GAWR.  
Note: For trailer towing information refer to Trailer towing found in  
this chapter or the RV and Trailer Towing Guide provided by your  
authorized dealer.  
GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) – is the Vehicle Curb Weight + cargo +  
passengers.  
GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) – is the maximum allowable  
weight of the fully loaded vehicle (including all options, equipment,  
passengers and cargo). The GVWR is shown on the Safety  
Compliance Certification Label located on the B-Pillar or the  
edge of the driver’s door. The GVW must never exceed the GVWR.  
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• Example only:  
WARNING: Exceeding the Safety Compliance Certification Label  
vehicle weight rating limits could result in substandard vehicle  
handling or performance, engine, transmission and/or structural  
damage, serious damage to the vehicle, loss of control and personal  
injury.  
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GCW (Gross Combined Weight) – is the weight of the loaded vehicle  
(GVW) plus the weight of the fully loaded trailer.  
GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating) – is the maximum allowable  
weight of the vehicle and the loaded trailer – including all cargo and  
passengers – that the vehicle can handle without risking damage.  
(Important: The towing vehicle’s braking system is rated for operation at  
GVWR, not at GCWR.) Separate functional brakes should be used for  
safe control of towed vehicles and for trailers where the GCW of the  
towing vehicle plus the trailer exceed the GVWR of the towing vehicle.  
The GCW must never exceed the GCWR.  
Maximum Loaded Trailer Weight – is the highest possible weight of a  
fully loaded trailer the vehicle can tow. It assumes a vehicle with only  
mandatory options, no cargo (internal or external), a tongue load of  
10–15% (conventional trailer) or king pin weight of 15–25% (fifth wheel  
trailer), and driver only (150 lb. [68 kg]). Consult your authorized  
dealer (or the RV and Trailer Towing Guide provided by your  
authorized dealer) for more detailed information.  
Tongue Load or Fifth Wheel King Pin Weight – refers to the amount  
of the weight that a trailer pushes down on a trailer hitch.  
Examples: For a 5,000 lb. (2,268 kg) conventional trailer, multiply 5,000  
by 0.10 and 0.15 to obtain a proper tongue load range of 500 to 750 lb.  
(227 to 340 kg). For an 11,500 lb. (5,216 kg) fifth wheel trailer, multiply  
by 0.15 and 0.25 to obtain a proper king pin load range of 1,725 to  
2,875 lb. (782 to 1,304 kg)  
WARNING: Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on  
the Safety Compliance Certification Label.  
WARNING: Do not use replacement tires with lower load  
carrying capacities than the original tires because they may  
lower the vehicle’s GVWR and GAWR limitations. Replacement tires  
with a higher limit than the original tires do not increase the GVWR  
and GAWR limitations.  
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WARNING: Exceeding any vehicle weight rating limitation could  
result in serious damage to the vehicle and/or personal injury.  
Steps for determining the correct load limit:  
1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo  
should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lb.” on your vehicle’s placard.  
2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will  
be riding in your vehicle.  
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX  
kg or XXX lb.  
4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage  
load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1,400 lb. and  
there will be five 150 lb. passengers in your vehicle, the amount of  
available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lb. (1400-750 (5 x 150)  
= 650 lb.). In metric units (635-340 (5 x 68) = 295 kg.)  
5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on  
the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and  
luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4.  
6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be  
transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this  
reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle.  
The following gives you a few examples on how to calculate the available  
amount of cargo and luggage load capacity:  
• Another example for your vehicle with 1,400 lb. (635 kg) of cargo and  
luggage capacity. You decide to go golfing. Is there enough load  
capacity to carry you, 4 of your friends and all the golf bags? You and  
four friends average 220 lb. (99 kg) each and the golf bags weigh  
approximately 30 lb. (13.5 kg) each. The calculation would be: 1400 -  
(5 x 220) - (5 x 30) = 1400 - 1100 - 150 = 150 lb. Yes, you have  
enough load capacity in your vehicle to transport four friends and  
your golf bags. In metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg - (5 x  
99 kg) - (5 x 13.5 kg) = 635 - 495 - 67.5 = 72.5 kg.  
• A final example for your vehicle with 1,400 lb. (635 kg) of cargo and  
luggage capacity. You and one of your friends decide to pick up  
cement from the local home improvement store to finish that patio  
you have been planning for the past 2 years. Measuring the inside of  
the vehicle with the rear seat folded down, you have room for  
12-100 lb. (45 kg) bags of cement. Do you have enough load capacity  
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to transport the cement to your home? If you and your friend each  
weigh 220 lb. (99 kg), the calculation would be: 1400 - (2 x 220) - (12  
x 100) = 1400 - 440 - 1200 = - 240 lb. No, you do not have enough  
cargo capacity to carry that much weight. In metric units, the  
calculation would be: 635 kg - (2 x 99 kg) - (12 x 45 kg) = 635 - 198 -  
540 = -103 kg. You will need to reduce the load weight by at least  
240 lb. (104 kg). If you remove 3-100 lb. (45 kg) cement bags, then  
the load calculation would be:  
1400 - (2 x 220) - (9 x 100) = 1400 - 440 - 900 = 60 lb. Now you have  
the load capacity to transport the cement and your friend home. In  
metric units, the calculation would be: 635 kg - (2 x 99 kg) - (9 x  
45 kg) = 635 - 198 - 405 = 32 kg.  
The above calculations also assume that the loads are positioned in your  
vehicle in a manner that does not overload the Front or the Rear Gross  
Axle Weight Rating specified for your vehicle on the Safety Compliance  
Certification Label found on the edge of the driver’s door.  
Special loading instructions for owners of pickup trucks and  
utility-type vehicles  
WARNING: For important information regarding safe operation  
of this type of vehicle, see the Preparing to drive your vehicle  
section in the Driving chapter of this Owner’s Guide.  
WARNING: Loaded vehicles may handle differently than  
unloaded vehicles. Extra precautions, such as slower speeds and  
increased stopping distance, should be taken when driving a heavily  
loaded vehicle.  
Your vehicle can haul more cargo and people than most passenger cars.  
Depending upon the type and placement of the load, hauling cargo and  
people may raise the center of gravity of the vehicle.  
Calculating the load your vehicle can carry/tow  
1. Use the appropriate maximum GCWR chart (in the Trailer towing  
section in this chapter) for your type of engine and rear axle ratio.  
2. Weigh your vehicle without cargo. To obtain correct weights, take your  
vehicle to a shipping company or an inspection station for trucks.  
3. Subtract your loaded weight from the maximum GCWR in the chart.  
This is the maximum trailer weight your vehicle can tow. It must be  
below the maximum trailer weight shown in the chart.  
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TRAILER TOWING  
Trailer towing with your vehicle may require the use of a trailer tow  
option package.  
Trailer towing puts additional loads on your vehicle’s engine,  
transmission, axle, brakes, tires, and suspension. For your safety and to  
maximize vehicle performance, be sure to use the proper equipment  
while towing.  
Follow these guidelines to ensure safe towing procedure:  
• Do not tow a trailer until your vehicle has been driven at least  
1,000 miles (1600 km).  
• Stay within your vehicle’s load limits.  
• Thoroughly prepare your vehicle for towing. Refer to Preparing to  
tow in this chapter.  
• Use extra caution when driving while trailer towing. Refer to Driving  
while you tow in this chapter.  
• Service your vehicle more frequently if you tow a trailer. Refer to the  
severe duty schedule in the scheduled maintenance information.  
• Refer to the instructions included with towing accessories for the  
proper installation and adjustment specifications.  
Do not exceed the maximum loads listed on the Safety Compliance  
Certification label. For load specification terms found on the label, refer  
to Vehicle loading in this chapter when figuring the total weight of your  
vehicle.  
Your vehicle is equipped with a standard Class II integrated hitch and  
requires only a draw bar and ball with a 19 mm (3/4 inch) shank  
diameter. An optional Class III/Class IV hitch is also available.  
Note: Do not exceed the GVWR or the GAWR specified on the  
certification label.  
WARNING: Towing trailers beyond the maximum recommended  
gross trailer weight exceeds the limit of the vehicle and could  
result in engine damage, transmission damage, structural damage, loss  
of vehicle control, vehicle rollover and personal injury.  
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4x2  
GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating)/Trailer Weight  
Engine  
Rear axle ratio  
Maximum  
Trailer weight  
GCWR-lb. (kg) range-lb. (kg)  
(0-Maximum)  
4.0L SOHC Class  
II towing  
4.6L* Class II  
towing  
4.0L SOHC Class  
III/IV towing  
4.6L* Class III/IV  
towing  
3.55  
3.55  
3.73  
3.55  
8500 (3856)  
0–3500 (0–1588)  
8500 (3856)  
0–3500 (0–1588)  
10000 (4536) 0–5375 (0–2438)  
12000 (5443) 0–7285 (0–3304)  
Notes: - For high altitude operation, reduce GCW by 2% per 1,000 ft.  
(300 meters) elevation. For definitions of terms used in this table and  
instructions on how to calculate your vehicle load, refer to Vehicle  
loading in this chapter. Maximum trailer weights shown. The combined  
weight of the completed towing vehicle and the loaded trailer must not  
exceed the GCWR.  
* -When towing maximum loads under high outside temperatures and  
on steep grades, the A/C system may cycle on and off to protect the  
engine from overheating. This may result in a temporary increase of  
interior temperatures.  
4X4 and AWD  
GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating)/Trailer Weight  
Engine  
Rear axle ratio  
Maximum  
Trailer weight  
GCWR-lb. (kg) range-lb. (kg)  
(0-Maximum)  
4.0L SOHC Class  
II towing  
4.6L* Class II  
towing  
4.0L SOHC Class  
III/IV towing  
3.55  
3.55  
3.73  
8500 (3856)  
0–3500 (0–1588)  
8500 (3856)  
0–3500 (0–1588)  
10000 (4536) 0–5205 (0–2361)  
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4X4 and AWD  
GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating)/Trailer Weight  
Engine  
Rear axle ratio  
Maximum  
Trailer weight  
GCWR-lb. (kg) range-lb. (kg)  
(0-Maximum)  
4.6L* Class III/IV  
towing  
3.55  
12000 (5443) 0–7115 (0–3227)  
Notes: - For high altitude operation, reduce GCW by 2% per 1,000 ft.  
(300 meters) elevation. For definitions of terms used in this table and  
instructions on how to calculate your vehicle load, refer to Vehicle  
loading in this chapter. Maximum trailer weights shown. The combined  
weight of the completed towing vehicle and the loaded trailer must not  
exceed the GCWR  
* -When towing maximum loads under high outside temperatures  
and/or on steep grades, the A/C system may cycle on and off to protect  
the engine from overheating. This may result in a temporary increase  
of interior temperatures.  
Preparing to tow  
Use the proper equipment for towing a trailer and make sure it is  
properly attached to your vehicle. Contact your authorized dealer or a  
reliable trailer dealer as soon as possible if you require assistance.  
Hitches  
Do not use hitches that clamp onto the vehicle bumper. Use a load  
carrying hitch. You must distribute the load in your trailer so that  
10–15% of the total weight of the trailer is on the tongue, not to exceed  
the maximum tongue loads as stated:  
• Class II receiver: 350 lb. (159 kg)  
• Class III/IV receiver: 500 lb. (227 kg) (weight carrying); 740 lb.  
(336 kg) (weight distributing)  
Safety chains  
Always connect the trailer’s safety chains to the frame or hook retainers  
of the vehicle hitch. To connect the trailer’s safety chains, cross the  
chains under the trailer tongue and allow slack for turning corners.  
If you use a rental trailer, follow the instructions that the rental agency  
gives to you.  
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Class III Trailer Hitch Safety Chain  
Loops can be used as recovery  
hooks.  
Do not attach safety chains to the bumper.  
Trailer brakes  
Electric brakes and manual, automatic or surge-type trailer brakes are  
safe if installed properly and adjusted to the manufacturer’s  
specifications. The trailer brakes must meet local and Federal  
regulations.  
WARNING: Do not connect a trailer’s hydraulic brake system  
directly to your vehicle’s brake system. Your vehicle may not  
have enough braking power and your chances of having a collision  
greatly increase.  
The braking system of the tow vehicle is rated for operation at the  
GVWR not GCWR.  
Trailer lamps  
Trailer lamps are required on most towed vehicles. Make sure all running  
lights, brake lights, turn signals and hazard lights are working. Contact  
your authorized dealer or trailer rental agency for proper instructions  
and equipment for hooking up trailer lamps.  
WARNING: Never connect any trailer lighting to the vehicle’s  
taillamp circuits, because it may damage the electrical system  
resulting in fire. Contact your authorized dealer as soon as possible for  
assistance in proper trailer tow wiring installation. Additional electrical  
equipment may be required.  
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Driving while you tow  
When towing a trailer:  
• To ensure proper “break-in” of powertrain components, do not trailer  
tow during the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of a new vehicle.  
• To ensure proper “break-in” of powertrain components during the first  
500 miles (800 km) of trailer towing, drive no faster than 70 mph  
(113 km/h) with no full throttle starts.  
• Turn off the speed control. The speed control may shut off  
automatically when you are towing on long, steep grades.  
• Consult your local motor vehicle speed regulations for towing a trailer.  
• To eliminate excessive shifting, use a lower gear. This will also assist  
in transmission cooling. For additional information, refer to Automatic  
transmission operation in the Driving chapter.  
• Under extreme conditions with large frontal trailers, high outside  
temperatures and highway speeds, the coolant gauge may indicate  
higher than normal coolant temperatures. If this occurs, reduce speed  
until the coolant temperature returns to the normal range. Refer to  
Engine coolant temperature gauge in the Instrument Cluster  
chapter.  
• Anticipate stops and brake gradually.  
• Do not exceed the GCWR rating or transmission damage may occur.  
Servicing after towing  
If you tow a trailer for long distances, your vehicle will require more  
frequent service intervals. Refer to your scheduled maintenance  
information for more information.  
Trailer towing tips  
• Practice turning, stopping and backing up before starting on a trip to  
get the feel of the vehicle trailer combination. When turning, make  
wider turns so the trailer wheels will clear curbs and other obstacles.  
• Allow more distance for stopping with a trailer attached.  
• If you are driving down a long or steep hill, shift to a lower gear. Do  
not apply the brakes continuously, as they may overheat and become  
less effective.  
• The trailer tongue weight should be 10–15% of the loaded trailer  
weight.  
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• If you will be towing a trailer frequently in hot weather, hilly  
conditions, at GCWR, or any combination of these factors, consider  
refilling your rear axle with synthetic gear lube if not already so  
equipped. Refer to the Maintenance and Specifications chapter for  
the lubricant specification. Remember that regardless of the rear axle  
lube used, do not tow a trailer for the first 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of a  
new vehicle, and that the first 500 miles (800 km) of towing be done  
at no faster than 70 mph (113 km/h) with no full throttle starts.  
• After you have traveled 50 miles (80 km), thoroughly check your  
hitch, electrical connections and trailer wheel lug nuts.  
• To aid in engine/transmission cooling and A/C efficiency during hot  
weather while stopped in traffic, place the gearshift lever in P (Park).  
• Vehicles with trailers should not be parked on a grade. If you must  
park on a grade, place wheel chocks under the trailer’s wheels.  
Launching or retrieving a boat  
Disconnect the wiring to the trailer before backing the trailer  
into the water. Reconnect the wiring to the trailer after the  
trailer is removed from the water.  
When backing down a ramp during boat launching or retrieval:  
• do not allow the static water level to rise above the bottom edge of  
the rear bumper.  
• do not allow waves to break higher than 6 inches (15 cm) above the  
bottom edge of the rear bumper.  
Exceeding these limits may allow water to enter vehicle components:  
• causing internal damage to the components.  
• affecting driveability, emissions and reliability.  
Replace the rear axle lubricant any time the axle has been submerged in  
water. Rear axle lubricant quantities are not to be checked or changed  
unless a leak is suspected or repair required.  
RECREATIONAL TOWING  
Follow these guidelines if you have a need for recreational (RV) towing.  
An example of recreational towing would be towing your vehicle behind  
a motorhome. These guidelines are designed to ensure that your  
transmission is not damaged.  
Note: Put your climate control system in recirculated air mode to  
prevent exhaust fumes from entering the vehicle. Refer to the Climate  
controls chapter for more information.  
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2WD vehicles: Do not tow your vehicle with any wheels on the ground,  
as vehicle or transmission damage may occur. It is recommended to tow  
your vehicle with all four (4) wheels off the ground such as when using a  
car-hauling trailer. Otherwise, no recreational towing is permitted.  
In case of a roadside emergency with a disabled vehicle, see Wrecker  
towing in the Roadside Emergencies chapter.  
4WD vehicles with electronic shift transfer case (Neutral tow kit  
accessory):  
An accessory is available that allows you to tow your vehicle, behind  
another vehicle, with all the wheels on the ground. Contact your  
authorized dealer for more details. Do not tow your vehicle with all  
wheels on the ground unless you install the neutral tow kit as vehicle  
damage may occur.  
In case of a roadside emergency with a disabled vehicle, see Wrecker  
towing in the Roadside Emergencies chapter.  
AWD vehicles: Do not tow your vehicle with any wheels on the ground,  
as vehicle or transmission damage may occur. It is recommended to tow  
your vehicle with all four (4) wheels off the ground such as when using a  
car-hauling trailer. Otherwise, no recreational towing is permitted.  
In case of a roadside emergency with a disabled vehicle, see Wrecker  
towing in the Roadside Emergencies chapter.  
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Related Topics

NOTICE TO UTILITY VEHICLE AND TRUCK OWNERS
VEHICLE CHARACTERISTICS
INFORMATION ABOUT UNIFORM TIRE QUALITY GRADING
TIRES
INFLATING YOUR TIRES
TIRE CARE
SNOW TIRES AND CABLES
TRAILER TOWING
RECREATIONAL TOWING