Get Starting And Operating Guide for Fiat 500 SUV First Generation (2007-2019)

STARTING AND OPERATING

CONTENTS

Ⅵ STARTING PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

▫ Manual Transmission — If Equipped . . . . . .186

▫ Automatic Transmission — If Equipped . . . .186

▫ Normal Starting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

▫ Cold Weather Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

▫ Extended Park Starting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

▫ If Engine Fails To Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

▫ After Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188

▫ Key Ignition Park Interlock. . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

▫ Brake/Transmission Shift Interlock System . .192

▫ Six-Speed Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . .192

▫ Gear Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193

Ⅵ AUTOSTICK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197

▫ Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .198

Ⅵ DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES . . . . . . . .199

▫ Acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199

▫ Traction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199

Ⅵ DRIVING THROUGH WATER . . . . . . . . . . . .199

▫ Flowing/Rising Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200

▫ Shallow Standing Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200

Ⅵ POWER STEERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201

Ⅵ PARKING BRAKE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202

5

Ⅵ MANUAL TRANSMISSION — IF

EQUIPPED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188

▫ Five-Speed Manual Transmission . . . . . . . . .188

▫ Recommended Shift Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

▫ Downshifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Ⅵ AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION — IF

EQUIPPED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

184 STARTING AND OPERATING

Ⅵ SPORT MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203

Ⅵ TIRES — GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . .222

▫ Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222

▫ Tire Inflation Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223

▫ Tire Pressures For High Speed Operation . . .224

▫ Radial Ply Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224

▫ Tire Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225

▫ Run Flat Tires — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . . .226

▫ Spare Tires — If Equipped . . . . . . . . . . . . . .226

▫ Tire Spinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229

▫ Tread Wear Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229

▫ Life Of Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230

▫ Replacement Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

Ⅵ TIRE CHAINS (TRACTION DEVICES) . . . . . .232

Ⅵ TIRE ROTATION RECOMMENDATIONS . . . .233

▫ Manual Transmission — If Equipped. . . . . . .203

▫ Automatic Transmission — If Equipped. . . . .204

Ⅵ BRAKE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204

Ⅵ ELECTRONIC BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM . . .205

▫ Four-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) . .205

▫ Brake Assist System (BAS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206

▫ Traction Control System (TCS) . . . . . . . . . . .207

▫ Hill Start Assist (HSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207

▫ Electronic Stability Control (ESC) . . . . . . . . .208

▫ ESC Activation/Malfunction Indicator Light

And ESC OFF Indicator Light . . . . . . . . . . .211

Ⅵ TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . .212

▫ Tire Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212

▫ Tire Identification Number (TIN). . . . . . . . . .215

▫ Tire Terminology And Definitions . . . . . . . . .216

▫ Tire Loading And Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . .217

Ⅵ DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

UNIFORM TIRE QUALITY GRADES . . . . . . .233

▫ Treadwear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234

STARTING AND OPERATING 185

▫ Traction Grades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234

▫ Temperature Grades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234

▫ MMT In Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243

▫ Materials Added To Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244

▫ Fuel System Cautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244

▫ Carbon Monoxide Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . .245

Ⅵ ADDING FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245

▫ Fuel Filler Cap (Gas Cap) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245

▫ Loose Fuel Filler Cap Message . . . . . . . . . . .246

Ⅵ TRAILER TOWING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246

Ⅵ TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING

SYSTEM (TPMS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235

▫ TPM System With Comfort Cluster . . . . . . . .237

▫ TPM System With (TFT) Tire Pressure

5

Display Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239

▫ General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241

Ⅵ FUEL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241

▫ Reformulated Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242

▫ Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends . . . . . . . . . . . . .242

▫ E-85 Usage In Non-Flex Fuel Vehicles . . . . . .243

▫ CNG And LP Fuel System Modifications . . . .243

Ⅵ RECREATIONAL TOWING (BEHIND

MOTORHOME, ETC.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247

▫ Towing This Vehicle Behind Another

Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247

186 STARTING AND OPERATING

STARTING PROCEDURES

the vehicle. This vehicle is equipped with a clutch

interlocking ignition system. It will not start unless the

clutch pedal is pressed to the floor.

Before starting your vehicle, adjust your seat, adjust

both inside and outside mirrors, and fasten your seat

belts.

Automatic Transmission — If Equipped

The gear selector must be in the PARK or NEUTRAL

position before you can start the engine. Press the brake

pedal before shifting to any driving gear.

WARNING!

• Never leave children alone in a vehicle, or with

access to an unlocked vehicle.

NOTE: You must press the brake pedal before shifting

• Allowing children to be in a vehicle unattended is

dangerous for a number of reasons. A child or

others could be seriously or fatally injured.

Children should be warned not to touch the

parking brake, brake pedal or the transmission

gear selector.

out of PARK.

Normal Starting

NOTE: Normal starting of either a cold or a warm

engine is obtained without pumping or pressing the

accelerator pedal.

• Do not leave the key fob in or near the vehicle (or

in a location accessible to children). A child could

operate power windows, other controls, or move

the vehicle.

Turn the ignition switch to the AVV/ACC (START)

position and release it when the engine starts. If the

engine fails to start within 10 seconds, turn the ignition

switch to the STOP (OFF/LOCK) position, wait 10 to 15

seconds, then repeat the “Normal Starting” procedure.

Manual Transmission — If Equipped

Apply the parking brake, place the gear selector in

NEUTRAL, and press the clutch pedal before starting

Cold Weather Operation

To prevent possible engine damage while starting at

low temperatures, this vehicle will inhibit engine crank-

ing when the ambient temperature is less than –22° F

STARTING AND OPERATING 187

(–30° C) and the oil temperature sensor reading indi-

cates an engine block heater has not been used. An

externally-powered electric engine block heater is avail-

able as optional equipment from your authorized dealer

or may be standard equipment in some markets.

2. Cycle the ignition in the START position and release

it when the engine starts.

3. If the engine fails to start within 10 to 15 seconds,

cycle the ignition to the STOP (OFF/LOCK) position,

wait five seconds to allow the starter to cool, then

repeat the Extended Park Starting procedure.

The message “plug in engine heater” will be displayed

in the instrument cluster when the ambient temperature

is below 5° F (–15° C) at the time the engine is shut off

as a reminder to avoid possible crank delays at the next

cold start.

4. If the engine fails to start after eight attempts, allow

the starter to cool for at least 10 minutes, then repeat

the procedure.

5

CAUTION!

To prevent damage to the starter, do not crank

continuously for more than 10 seconds at a time.

Wait 10 to 15 seconds before trying again.

Use of the recommended oil and adhering to the

prescribed oil change intervals is important to pre-

vent engine damage and ensure satisfactory starting

in cold conditions.

If Engine Fails To Start

Extended Park Starting

WARNING!

NOTE: Extended Park condition occurs when the ve-

Never pour fuel or other flammable liquids into the

throttle body air inlet opening in an attempt to start

the vehicle. This could result in a flash fire causing

serious personal injury.

hicle has not been started or driven for at least 30 days.

1. Install a battery charger or jumper cables to the

battery to ensure a full battery charge during the

crank cycle.

188 STARTING AND OPERATING

CAUTION!

WARNING! (Continued)

brake fully applied. The parking brake should

always be applied when the driver is not in the

vehicle, especially on an incline.

• Do not attempt to push or tow your vehicle to get

it started. Vehicles equipped with an automatic

transmission cannot be started this way. Un-

burned fuel could enter the catalytic converter

and once the engine has started, ignite and dam-

age the converter and vehicle.

• To prevent damage to the starter, do not continu-

ously crank the engine for more than 15 seconds

at a time. Wait 10 to 15 seconds before trying

again.

After Starting

The idle speed is controlled automatically, and it will

decrease as the engine warms up.

MANUAL TRANSMISSION — IF EQUIPPED

Five-Speed Manual Transmission

Gear Selector

Fully press the clutch pedal before you shift gears. As

you release the clutch pedal, lightly press the accelera-

tor pedal.

WARNING!

You or others could be injured if you leave the

vehicle unattended without having the parking

NOTE: To shift into REVERSE from NEUTRAL, lift the

ring under the knob and, at the same time move the

gear selector to the right and then backward.

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 189

Use each gear in numerical order; do not skip a gear. Be

sure the transmission is in first gear, not third, when

starting from a standing position. Damage to the clutch

can result from starting in third gear.

When selecting REVERSE gear, the driver should pause

(approximately 2 seconds) after pushing in the clutch

pedal and prior to shifting into REVERSE which allows

gears to stop spinning. Should an unwanted clash noise

be produced, the pause length should be increased.

For most city driving, you will find it easier to use only

the lower gears. For steady highway driving with light

accelerations, fifth gear is recommended.

NOTE:

• Clashing REVERSE gear, especially if vehicle is mov-

5

Never drive with your foot resting on the clutch pedal,

and never try to hold the vehicle on a hill with the

clutch pedal partially engaged. This will cause abnor-

mal wear on the clutch.

ing, can result in transmission damage.

• During cold weather, until the transmission lubricant

is warm, you may experience slightly higher shift

efforts. This is normal and not harmful to the trans-

mission.

REVERSE gear is not synchronized and the vehicle

must be at a complete stop to shift into REVERSE gear.

190 STARTING AND OPERATING

Recommended Shift Speeds

To use your manual transmission for optimal fuel

economy, it should be upshifted as listed in the follow-

ing table.

Manual Transmission Recommended Shift Speeds

Units In mph (km/h)

Engine Size

1.4L Engine

Acceleration

Rate

1 to 2

2 to 3

3 to 4

4 to 5

Accel

14

23

29

38

(23)

(37)

(47)

(61)

Cruise

12

18

25

32

(19)

(29)

(40)

(52)

Downshifting

CAUTION! (Continued)

Proper downshifting will improve fuel economy and

prolong engine life.

selected and the clutch pedal is released. Damage to

the clutch and the transmission can result from

skipping a gear while downshifting or downshift-

ing at too high of a vehicle speed even if the clutch

pedal is held pressed (i.e., not released).

CAUTION!

If you skip a gear while downshifting or downshift

at too high of a vehicle speed, these conditions may

cause the engine to overspeed if too low of a gear is

To maintain a safe speed and prolong brake life, shift

down to second or first gear when descending a steep

grade.

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 191

When turning a corner or driving up a steep grade,

downshift early so that the engine will not be overbur-

dened.

WARNING! (Continued)

• When leaving the vehicle, always remove the

ignition key from the vehicle and lock the vehicle.

• Never leave children alone in a vehicle, or with

access to an unlocked vehicle. Allowing children

to be in a vehicle unattended is dangerous for a

number of reasons. A child or others could be

seriously or fatally injured. Children should be

warned not to touch the parking brake, brake

pedal or the transmission gear selector.

• Do not leave the ignition key in or near the

vehicle (or in a location accessible to children). A

child could operate power windows, other con-

trols, or move the vehicle.

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION — IF EQUIPPED

WARNING!

5

• It is dangerous to shift out of PARK or NEUTRAL

if the engine speed is higher than idle speed. If

your foot is not firmly pressing the brake pedal,

the vehicle could accelerate quickly forward or in

reverse. You could lose control of the vehicle and

hit someone or something. Only shift into gear

when the engine is idling normally and your foot

is firmly pressing the brake pedal.

• Unintended movement of a vehicle could injure

CAUTION!

those in or near the vehicle. As with all vehicles,

you should never exit a vehicle while the engine

is running. Before exiting a vehicle always apply

the parking brake, shift the transmission into

PARK, turn the engine OFF, and remove the

ignition key. Once the key is removed, the trans-

mission is locked in PARK, securing the vehicle

against unwanted movement.

Damage to the transmission may occur if the

following precautions are not observed:

• Shift into or out of PARK or REVERSE only after

the vehicle has come to a complete stop.

(Continued)

192 STARTING AND OPERATING

Brake/Transmission Shift Interlock System

CAUTION! (Continued)

This vehicle is equipped with a Brake Transmission

Shift Interlock System (BTSI) that holds the transmis-

sion gear selector in PARK unless the brakes are ap-

plied. To shift the transmission out of PARK, the igni-

tion must be turned to the ON/RUN mode (engine

running or not) and the brake pedal must be pressed.

• Do not shift between PARK, REVERSE, NEU-

TRAL, or DRIVE when the engine is above idle

speed.

• Before shifting into any gear, make sure your foot

is firmly pressing the brake pedal.

NOTE: You must press and hold the brake pedal while

shifting out of PARK.

Six-Speed Automatic Transmission

The transmission gear position display (located in the

instrument cluster) indicates the transmission gear

range. You must press the brake pedal to move the gear

selector out of PARK (Refer to “Brake/Transmission

Shift Interlock System” in this section). To drive, move

the gear selector from PARK or NEUTRAL to the

DRIVE position.

Key Ignition Park Interlock

This vehicle is equipped with a Key Ignition Park

Interlock which requires the transmission to be in PARK

before the ignition can be turned to the LOCK/OFF

(key removal) position. The key can only be removed

from the ignition when the ignition is in the LOCK/OFF

position, and once removed, the transmission is locked

in PARK.

The electronically-controlled transmission provides a

precise shift schedule. The transmission electronics are

self-calibrating; therefore, the first few shifts on a new

vehicle may be somewhat abrupt. This is a normal

condition, and precision shifts will develop within a

few hundred miles (kilometers).

STARTING AND OPERATING 193

DRIVE position) will manually select the transmission

gear, and will display the current gear in the instrument

cluster as 1, 2, 3, etc.

NOTE: If the gear selector cannot be moved to the

PARK, REVERSE, or NEUTRAL position (when pushed

forward) it is probably in the AutoStick (+/-) position

(beside the DRIVE position). In AutoStick mode, the

transmission gear (1, 2, 3, etc.) is displayed in the

instrument cluster. Move the gear selector to the right

(into the DRIVE [D] position) for access to PARK,

REVERSE, and NEUTRAL.

5

Gear Selector

Gear Ranges

Only shift from DRIVE to PARK or REVERSE when the

accelerator pedal is released and the vehicle is stopped.

Be sure to keep your foot on the brake pedal when

shifting between these gears.

DO NOT race the engine when shifting from PARK or

NEUTRAL into another gear range.

NOTE: After selecting any gear range, wait a moment

to allow the selected gear to engage before accelerating.

This is especially important when the engine is cold.

The transmission gear selector has PARK, REVERSE,

NEUTRAL, DRIVE, and AutoStick (+/–) shift positions.

Manual shifts can be made using the AutoStick shift

control (refer to “AutoStick” in this section for further

information). Toggling the gear selector forward (-) or

rearward (+) while in the AutoStick position (beside the

PARK (P)

This range supplements the parking brake by locking

the transmission. The engine can be started in this

range. Never attempt to use PARK while the vehicle is

in motion. Apply the parking brake when leaving the

vehicle in this range.

194 STARTING AND OPERATING

When parking on a level surface, you may shift the

transmission into PARK first, and then apply the park-

ing brake.

WARNING! (Continued)

• Your vehicle could move and injure you and

others if it is not in PARK. Check by trying to

move the gear selector out of PARK with the

brake pedal released. Make sure the transmission

is in PARK before leaving the vehicle.

• It is dangerous to shift out of PARK or NEUTRAL

if the engine speed is higher than idle speed. If

your foot is not firmly pressing the brake pedal,

the vehicle could accelerate quickly forward or in

reverse. You could lose control of the vehicle and

hit someone or something. Only shift into gear

when the engine is idling normally and your foot

is firmly pressing the brake pedal.

• Unintended movement of a vehicle could injure

those in or near the vehicle. As with all vehicles,

you should never exit a vehicle while the engine

is running. Before exiting a vehicle always apply

the parking brake, shift the transmission into

PARK, turn the engine OFF, and remove the

ignition key. Once the key is removed, the trans-

mission is locked in PARK, securing the vehicle

against unwanted movement.

When parking on a hill, apply the parking brake before

shifting the transmission to PARK, otherwise the load

on the transmission locking mechanism may make it

difficult to move the gear selector out of PARK. As an

added precaution, turn the front wheels toward the

curb on a downhill grade and away from the curb on an

uphill grade.

When exiting the vehicle, always:

• Apply the parking brake.

• Shift the transmission into PARK.

• Turn the engine OFF.

• Remove the ignition key.

WARNING!

• Never use the PARK position as a substitute for

the parking brake. Always apply the parking

brake fully when exiting the vehicle to guard

against vehicle movement and possible injury or

damage.

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 195

WARNING! (Continued)

CAUTION! (Continued)

• When leaving the vehicle, always remove the

ignition key from the vehicle and lock the vehicle.

• Never leave children alone in a vehicle, or with

access to an unlocked vehicle. Allowing children

to be in a vehicle unattended is dangerous for a

number of reasons. A child or others could be

seriously or fatally injured. Children should be

warned not to touch the parking brake, brake

pedal or the transmission gear selector.

• Do not leave the ignition key in or near the

vehicle (or in a location accessible to children). A

child could operate power windows, other con-

trols, or move the vehicle.

• DO NOT race the engine when shifting from

PARK or NEUTRAL into another gear range, as

this can damage the drivetrain.

The following indicators should be used to ensure that

you have engaged the transmission into the PARK

position:

5

• When shifting into PARK, push the lock button on

the gear selector and firmly move the gear selector all

the way forward until it stops and is fully seated.

• Look at the transmission gear position display and

verify that it indicates the PARK position (P).

• With brake pedal released, verify that the gear selec-

tor will not move out of PARK.

CAUTION!

REVERSE (R)

• Before moving the transmission gear selector out

of PARK, you must turn the ignition to the

ON/RUN mode, and also press the brake pedal.

Otherwise, damage to the gear selector could

result.

This range is for moving the vehicle backward. Shift

into REVERSE only after the vehicle has come to a

complete stop.

NEUTRAL (N)

Use this range when the vehicle is standing for pro-

longed periods with the engine running. The engine

(Continued)

196 STARTING AND OPERATING

may be started in this range. Apply the parking brake

and shift the transmission into PARK if you must leave

the vehicle.

automatically upshifts through all forward gears. The

DRIVE position provides optimum driving characteris-

tics under all normal operating conditions.

When frequent transmission shifting occurs (such as

when operating the vehicle under heavy loading con-

ditions, in hilly terrain, or traveling into strong head

winds), use the AutoStick shift control (refer to

AutoStick in this section for further information) to

select a lower gear. Under these conditions, using a

lower gear will improve performance and extend trans-

mission life by reducing excessive shifting and heat

buildup.

WARNING!

Do not coast in NEUTRAL and never turn off the

ignition to coast down a hill. These are unsafe

practices that limit your response to changing traf-

fic or road conditions. You might lose control of the

vehicle and have a collision.

CAUTION!

If the transmission temperature exceeds normal operat-

ing limits, the transmission controller will expand the

range of torque converter clutch engagement. This is

done to prevent transmission damage due to overheat-

ing.

Towing the vehicle, coasting, or driving for any

other reason with the transmission in NEUTRAL

can cause severe transmission damage. Refer to

“Recreational Towing” in “Starting And Operating”

and “Towing A Disabled Vehicle” in “What To Do

In Emergencies” for further information.

During cold temperatures, transmission operation may

be modified depending on engine coolant temperature.

Normal operation will resume once the engine tempera-

ture has risen to a suitable level.

DRIVE (D)

This range should be used for most city and highway

driving. It provides the smoothest upshifts and down-

shifts, and the best fuel economy. The transmission

STARTING AND OPERATING 197

Instrument Cluster Messages

4. Wait approximately 10 seconds.

Dedicated messages will be displayed in the instrument

cluster to alert the driver when certain unusual condi-

tions occur.

5. Restart the engine.

6. Shift into the desired gear range. If the problem is no

longer detected, the transmission will return to nor-

mal operation.

Transmission Limp Home Mode

Transmission function is monitored electronically for

abnormal conditions. If a condition is detected that

could result in transmission damage, Transmission

Limp Home Mode is activated. In this mode, the

transmission remains in third gear regardless of which

forward gear is selected. PARK, REVERSE, and NEU-

TRAL will continue to operate. The Malfunction Indi-

cator Light (MIL) may be illuminated. Limp Home

Mode allows the vehicle to be driven to an authorized

dealer for service without damaging the transmission.

NOTE: Even if the transmission can be reset, we rec-

ommend that you visit your authorized dealer at your

earliest possible convenience. Your authorized dealer

has diagnostic equipment to determine if the problem

could recur.

5

If the transmission cannot be reset, authorized dealer

service is required.

AUTOSTICK

AutoStick is a driver-interactive transmission feature

providing manual shift control, giving you more control

of the vehicle. AutoStick allows you to maximize engine

braking, eliminate undesirable upshifts and downshifts,

and improve overall vehicle performance. This system

can also provide you with more control during passing,

city driving, cold slippery conditions, mountain driv-

ing, and many other situations.

In the event of a momentary problem, the transmission

can be reset to regain all forward gears by performing

the following steps:

1. Stop the vehicle.

2. Shift the transmission into PARK.

3. Turn the ignition to the OFF position.

198 STARTING AND OPERATING

Operation

• You can start out (from a stop) in first, second, or

third gear. Starting out in second or third gear can be

helpful in snow or icy conditions. To select second or

third gear after the vehicle is brought to a stop, tap

the gear selector rearward (+) once or twice.

When the gear selector is in the AutoStick position

(beside the Drive position), it can be moved forward

and rearward. This allows the driver to manually select

the transmission gear being used. Moving the gear

selector forward (-) triggers

rearward (+) an upshift. The current gear is displayed in

the instrument cluster.

a

downshift, and

• The system will ignore shift commands that would

cause engine lugging or overspeed. An audible beep

will sound if an inappropriate gear is requested.

• Avoid using speed control when AutoStick is en-

gaged because the transmission will not shift auto-

matically.

NOTE: In AutoStick mode, the transmission will only

shift up or down when the driver moves the gear

selector rearward (+) or forward (-), except as described

below.

• Transmission shifting will be more noticeable when

• The transmission will automatically upshift when

AutoStick is enabled.

necessary to prevent engine over-speed.

• The system may revert to automatic shift mode if a

• The transmission will automatically downshift as the

vehicle slows (to prevent engine lugging) and will

display the current gear.

fault or overheat condition is detected.

To disengage AutoStick mode, return the gear selector

to the DRIVE position. You can shift in or out of the

AutoStick position at any time without taking your foot

off the accelerator pedal.

• The transmission will automatically downshift to

first gear when coming to a stop. After a stop, the

driver should manually upshift (+) the transmission

as the vehicle is accelerated.

STARTING AND OPERATING 199

Traction

WARNING!

When driving on wet or slushy roads, it is possible for

a wedge of water to build up between the tire and road

surface. This is known as hydroplaning, and may cause

partial or complete loss of vehicle control and stopping

ability. To reduce this possibility, the following precau-

tions should be observed:

Do not downshift for additional engine braking on

a slippery surface. The drive wheels could lose their

grip and the vehicle could skid, causing a collision

or personal injury.

DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES

Acceleration

5

• Slow down during rainstorms or when the roads are

slushy.

Rapid acceleration on snow covered, wet, or other

slippery surfaces may cause the driving wheels to pull

erratically to the right or left. This phenomenon occurs

when there is a difference in the surface traction under

the front (driving) wheels.

• Slow down if the road has standing water or

puddles.

• Replace the tires when tread wear indicators first

become visible.

• Keep tires properly inflated.

WARNING!

• Maintain sufficient distance between your vehicle

and the vehicle in front of you to avoid a collision in

a sudden stop.

Rapid acceleration on slippery surfaces is danger-

ous. Unequal traction can cause sudden pulling of

the front wheels. You could lose control of the

vehicle and possibly have a collision. Accelerate

slowly and carefully whenever there is likely to be

poor traction (ice, snow, wet, mud, loose sand, etc.).

DRIVING THROUGH WATER

Driving through water more than a few inches/

centimeters deep will require extra caution to ensure

safety and prevent damage to your vehicle.

200 STARTING AND OPERATING

Flowing/Rising Water

WARNING! (Continued)

• Driving through standing water limits your vehi-

cle’s braking capabilities, which increases stop-

ping distances. Therefore, after driving through

standing water, drive slowly and lightly press on

the brake pedal several times to dry the brakes.

• Failure to follow these warnings may result in

injuries that are serious or fatal to you, your

passengers, and others around you.

WARNING!

Do not drive on or across a road or path where water

is flowing and/or rising (as in storm run-off). Flow-

ing water can wear away the road or path’s surface

and cause your vehicle to sink into deeper water.

Furthermore, flowing and/or rising water can carry

your vehicle away swiftly. Failure to follow this

warning may result in injuries that are serious or

fatal to you, your passengers, and others around

you.

CAUTION!

• Always check the depth of the standing water

before driving through it. Never drive through

standing water that is deeper than the bottom of

the tire rims mounted on the vehicle.

• Determine the condition of the road or the path

that is under water and if there are any obstacles

in the way before driving through the standing

water.

Shallow Standing Water

Although your vehicle is capable of driving through

shallow standing water, consider the following Cau-

tions and Warnings before doing so.

WARNING!

• Driving through standing water limits your vehi-

cle’s traction capabilities. Do not exceed 5 mph

(8 km/h) when driving through standing water.

• Do not exceed 5 mph (8 km/h) when driving

through standing water. This will minimize wave

effects.

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 201

prevents it from providing assist, you will still have the

ability to steer the vehicle manually.

CAUTION! (Continued)

• Driving through standing water may cause dam-

age to your vehicle’s drivetrain components. Al-

ways inspect your vehicle’s fluids (i.e., engine oil,

transmission, axle, etc.) for signs of contamination

(i.e., fluid that is milky or foamy in appearance)

after driving through standing water. Do not

continue to operate the vehicle if any fluid ap-

pears contaminated, as this may result in further

damage. Such damage is not covered by the New

Vehicle Limited Warranty.

• Getting water inside your vehicle’s engine can

cause it to lock up and stall out, and cause serious

internal damage to the engine. Such damage is

not covered by the New Vehicle Limited War-

ranty.

WARNING!

Continued operation with reduced or no power

steering assist could pose a safety risk to yourself

and others. Service should be obtained as soon as

possible.

5

If the Steering icon is flashing, it indicates that the

vehicle needs to be taken to an authorized dealer for

service. It is likely the vehicle has lost power steering

assistance.

If the Steering icon is displayed and the “SERVICE

POWER STEERING” message is displayed on the in-

strument cluster screen, they indicate that extreme

steering maneuvers may have occurred which caused

an over temperature condition in the power steering

system. Once driving conditions are safe, pull over and

let the vehicle idle for a few moments until the icon and

message turn off. Refer to “Instrument Cluster Display”

in “Understanding Your Instrument Panel” for further

information.

POWER STEERING

The electric power steering system will give you good

vehicle response and increased ease of maneuverability

in tight spaces. The system will vary its assist to provide

light efforts while parking and good feel while driving.

If the electric steering system experiences a fault that

202 STARTING AND OPERATING

If the Steering icon, and the ЉSERVICE POWER STEER-

ING - ASSIST OFFЉ messages are displayed on the

instrument cluster screen, the vehicle needs to be taken

to an authorized dealer for service. Refer to “Instrument

Cluster Display” in “Understanding Your Instrument

Panel” for further information.

NOTE:

• Even if the power steering assistance is no longer

operational, it is still possible to steer the vehicle.

Under these conditions there will be a substantial

increase in steering effort, especially at low speeds

and during parking maneuvers.

Parking Brake

When the parking brake is applied with the ignition

switch in the MAR (ACC/ON/RUN) position, the

Brake Warning Light in the instrument cluster will

illuminate.

• If the condition persists, see your authorized dealer

for service.

PARKING BRAKE

When parking on a hill, it is important to turn the front

wheels toward the curb on a downhill grade and away

from the curb on an uphill grade. The parking brake

should always be applied whenever the driver is not in

the vehicle.

Before leaving the vehicle, make sure that the parking

brake is fully applied. Also, be certain to leave the

manual transmission in REVERSE or first gear.

The parking brake lever is located in the center console.

To apply the parking brake, pull the lever up as firmly

as possible. To release the parking brake, pull the lever

up slightly, press the center button, then lower the lever

completely.

STARTING AND OPERATING 203

WARNING!

CAUTION!

• Never leave children alone in a vehicle, or with

access to an unlocked vehicle.

If the Brake Warning Light remains on with the

parking brake released, a brake system malfunction

is indicated. Have the brake system serviced by an

authorized dealer immediately.

• Allowing children to be in a vehicle unattended is

dangerous for a number of reasons. A child or

others could be seriously or fatally injured. Chil-

dren should be warned not to touch the parking

brake, brake pedal or the gear selector.

• Do not leave the key fob in or near the vehicle or

in a location accessible to children. A child could

operate power windows, other controls, or move

the vehicle.

• Be sure the parking brake is fully disengaged

before driving; failure to do so can lead to brake

failure and a collision.

• Always fully apply the parking brake when leav-

ing your vehicle, or it may roll and cause damage

or injury. Also be certain to leave a manual

transmission in FIRST gear or REVERSE gear.

Failure to do so may allow the vehicle to roll and

cause damage or injury.

SPORT MODE

5

Manual Transmission — If Equipped

The Sport mode increases steering feedback to the

driver with slight increases in effort and throttle pedal-

to-engine response. This driving mode is useful while

driving on twisty roads where more steering precision

is desired in spirited cornering.

1. To activate the Sport mode, push the SPORT button.

204 STARTING AND OPERATING

1. To activate the Sport mode, push the SPORT button.

SPORT Button

Once activated, a SPORT message will be displayed in

the instrument cluster.

SPORT Button

Once activated, a SPORT message will be displayed in

the instrument cluster.

2. Momentarily release the accelerator pedal.

3. Press the accelerator pedal again to activate.

Automatic Transmission — If Equipped

2. Push the SPORT button again to return to the stan-

dard driving mode.

BRAKE SYSTEM

The Sport mode increases steering feedback to the

driver with slight increase in effort and changes the

transmission shift schedules for more aggressive shift-

ing. This driving mode is useful while driving on twisty

roads where more steering precision is desired in spir-

ited cornering.

Your vehicle is equipped with dual hydraulic brake

systems. If either of the two hydraulic systems loses

normal capability, the remaining system will still func-

tion. However, there will be some loss of overall brak-

ing effectiveness. You may notice increased pedal travel

STARTING AND OPERATING 205

during application, greater pedal force required to slow

or stop, and potential activation of the “Brake System

Warning Light”.

to modulate hydraulic pressure, to prevent wheel

lock-up and to help avoid skidding on slippery sur-

faces.

The system’s pump motor runs during an ABS stop to

provide regulated hydraulic pressure. The pump motor

makes a low humming noise during operation, which is

normal.

In the event power assist is lost for any reason (i.e.,

repeated brake applications with the engine off), the

brakes will still function. However, the effort required

to brake the vehicle will be much greater than that

required with the power system operating.

5

The ABS includes an amber ABS Warning Light. When

the light is illuminated, the ABS is not functioning. The

system reverts to standard non-anti-lock brakes. Turn-

ing the ignition Off and On again may reset the ABS if

the fault detected was only momentary.

ELECTRONIC BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM

Your vehicle is equipped with a advanced electronic

brake control system that includes the Anti-Lock Brake

System (ABS), Brake Assist System (BAS), Traction

Control System (TCS), Hill Start Assist (HSA), and

Electronic Stability Control (ESC). All systems work

together to enhance vehicle stability and control in

various driving conditions and are commonly referred

to as ESC.

WARNING!

• Pumping the Anti-Lock Brakes will diminish

their effectiveness and may lead to a collision.

Pumping makes the stopping distance longer. Just

press firmly on your brake pedal when you need

to slow down or stop.

Four-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS)

• The Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) cannot pre-

vent the natural laws of physics from acting on

the vehicle, nor can it increase braking or steering

The Four-Wheel ABS is designed to aid the driver in

maintaining vehicle control under adverse braking con-

ditions. The system operates with a separate computer

(Continued)

206 STARTING AND OPERATING

Brake Assist System (BAS)

WARNING! (Continued)

The BAS is designed to optimize the vehicle’s braking

capability during emergency braking maneuvers. The

system detects an emergency braking situation by sens-

ing the rate and amount of brake application and then

applies optimum pressure to the brakes. This can help

reduce braking distances. The BAS complements the

Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS). Applying the brakes

very quickly results in the best BAS assistance. To

receive the benefit of the system, you must apply

continuous braking pressure during the stopping se-

quence (do not “pump” the brakes). Do not reduce

brake pedal pressure unless braking is no longer de-

sired. Once the brake pedal is released, the BAS is

deactivated.

efficiency beyond that afforded by the condition

of the vehicle brakes and tires or the traction

afforded.

• The ABS cannot prevent collisions, including

those resulting from excessive speed in turns,

following another vehicle too closely, or hydro-

planing.

• The capabilities of an ABS-equipped vehicle

must never be exploited in a reckless or danger-

ous manner, which could jeopardize the user’s

safety or the safety of others.

When you are in a severe braking condition involving

the use of the ABS, you will experience some pedal drop

as the vehicle comes to a stop. This is the result of the

system reverting to the base brake system.

WARNING!

Engagement of the ABS may be accompanied by a

pulsing sensation. You may also hear a clicking noise.

These occurrences are normal and indicate that the

system is functioning properly.

• The Brake Assist System (BAS) cannot prevent

the natural laws of physics from acting on the

vehicle, nor can it increase the traction afforded

by prevailing road conditions.

• The BAS cannot prevent collisions, including

those resulting from excessive speed in turns,

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 207

Hill Start Assist (HSA)

WARNING! (Continued)

The HSA system is designed to assist the driver when

starting a vehicle from a stop on a hill. HSA will

maintain the level of brake pressure the driver applied

for a short period of time after the driver takes his foot

off the brake pedal. If the driver does not apply the

throttle during this short period of time, the system will

release brake pressure and the vehicle will roll down

the hill. The system will release brake pressure in

proportion to the amount of throttle applied as the

vehicle starts to move in the intended direction of

travel.

driving on very slippery surfaces, or hydroplan-

ing.

• The capabilities of a BAS-equipped vehicle must

never be exploited in a reckless or dangerous

manner which could jeopardize the user’s safety

or the safety of others.

5

Traction Control System (TCS)

This system monitors the amount of wheel spin of each

of the driven wheels. If wheel spin is detected, brake

pressure is applied to the slipping wheel(s) and engine

power is reduced to provide enhanced acceleration and

stability. A feature of the TCS system, Brake Limited

Differential (BLD), functions similar to a limited slip

differential and controls the wheel spin across a driven

axle. If one wheel on a driven axle is spinning faster

than the other, the system will apply the brake of the

spinning wheel. This will allow more engine torque to

be applied to the wheel that is not spinning. This feature

remains active even if TCS and ESC are in the Partial

Off mode. Refer to “Electronic Stability Control (ESC)”

in this section for further information.

HSA Activation Criteria

The following criteria must be met in order for HSA to

activate:

• Vehicle must be stopped.

• Vehicle must be on a 2.5% (manual transmission) or

7% grade or greater (automatic transmission) hill.

• Gear selection matches vehicle uphill direction (i.e.,

vehicle in NEUTRAL (manual transmission), vehicle

facing uphill is in forward gear; vehicle backing

uphill is in REVERSE gear).

208 STARTING AND OPERATING

compares it to the actual path of the vehicle. When the

actual path does not match the intended path, ESC

applies the brake of the appropriate wheel to assist in

counteracting the oversteer or understeer condition.

WARNING!

There may be situations on minor hills with a

loaded vehicle, or while pulling a trailer, when the

system will not activate and slight rolling may

occur. This could cause a collision with another

vehicle or object. Always remember the driver is

responsible for braking the vehicle.

• Oversteer - when the vehicle is turning more than

appropriate for the steering wheel position.

• Understeer - when the vehicle is turning less than

appropriate for the steering wheel position.

Disabling/Enabling HSA

If you wish to turn the HSA system on or off, it can be

done using the Customer Programmable Features in the

Uconnect Settings. Refer to “Uconnect Settings” in for

further information.

Electronic Stability Control (ESC)

The Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system enhances

directional control and stability of the vehicle under

various driving conditions. ESC corrects for oversteer-

ing or understeering of the vehicle by applying the

brake of the appropriate wheel to assist in counteracting

the oversteering or understeering condition. Engine

power may also be reduced to help the vehicle maintain

the desired path. ESC uses sensors in the vehicle to

determine the vehicle path intended by the driver and

ESC Off Switch (Automatic Transmission)

STARTING AND OPERATING 209

WARNING! (Continued)

slippery surfaces, or hydroplaning. ESC also can-

not prevent collisions resulting from loss of ve-

hicle control due to inappropriate driver input for

the conditions. Only a safe, attentive, and skillful

driver can prevent accidents. The capabilities of

an ESC equipped vehicle must never be exploited

in a reckless or dangerous manner which could

jeopardize the user’s safety or the safety of others.

• Vehicle modifications, or failure to properly

maintain your vehicle, may change the handling

characteristics of your vehicle, and may nega-

tively affect the performance of the ESC system.

Changes to the steering system, suspension, brak-

ing system, tire type and size or wheel size may

adversely affect ESC performance. Improperly

inflated and unevenly worn tires may also de-

grade ESC performance. Any vehicle modifica-

tion or poor vehicle maintenance that reduces the

effectiveness of the ESC system can increase the

risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle rollover,

personal injury and death.

5

ESC Off Switch (Manual Transmission)

NOTE: The ESC Off switch is located left of the steering

column (Manual Transmission Only).

WARNING!

• The Electronic Stability Control (ESC) cannot

prevent the natural laws of physics from acting on

the vehicle, nor can it increase the traction af-

forded by prevailing road conditions. ESC cannot

prevent all accidents, including those resulting

from excessive speed in turns, driving on very

(Continued)

210 STARTING AND OPERATING

ESC Operating Modes

NOTE: To improve the vehicle’s traction when driving

with snow chains, or starting off in deep snow, sand or

gravel, it may be desirable to switch to the Partial Off

mode by pushing the switch. Once the situation requir-

ing ESC to be switched to the Partial Off mode is

overcome, turn ESC back on by momentarily pushing

the switch. This may be done while the vehicle is in

motion.

The ESC system has two available operating modes.

Full On

This is the normal operating mode for ESC. Whenever

the vehicle is started, the ESC system will be in On

mode. This mode should be used for most driving

situations. ESC should only be turned to Partial Off for

specific reasons as noted below.

WARNING!

Partial Off

• When in “Partial Off” mode, the TCS functional-

ity of ESC, (except for the limited slip feature

described in the TCS section), has been disabled

and the “ESC Off Indicator Light” will be illumi-

nated. When in “Partial Off” mode, the engine

power reduction feature of TCS is disabled, and

the enhanced vehicle stability offered by the ESC

system is reduced.

This mode is entered by momentarily pushing the ESC

Off switch. This mode is intended to be used if the

vehicle is in deep snow, sand or gravel conditions and

more wheel spin than ESC would normally allow is

required to gain traction.

To turn ESC on again, momentarily pushing the switch

again. This will restore the normal ESC On mode of

operation.

STARTING AND OPERATING 211

ESC Activation/Malfunction Indicator Light And

ESC OFF Indicator Light

active. The ESC Activation/Malfunction Indicator Light

also flashes when TCS is active. If the ESC Activation/

Malfunction Indicator Light begins to flash during

acceleration, ease up on the accelerator and apply as

little throttle as possible. Be sure to adapt your speed

and driving to the prevailing road conditions.

The ESC Activation/Malfunction Indicator

Light in the instrument cluster will come on

when the ignition switch is turned to the

MAR (ACC/ON/RUN) position for four sec-

NOTE:

onds. If the ESC Activation/Malfunction Indicator

Light comes on continuously with the engine running, a

malfunction has been detected in the ESC system. If this

light remains on after several ignition cycles, and the

vehicle has been driven several miles (kilometers) at

speeds greater than 30 mph (48 km/h), see your autho-

rized dealer as soon as possible to have the problem

diagnosed and corrected.

5

• The ESC Activation/Malfunction Indicator Light and

the ESC OFF Indicator Light come on momentarily

each time the ignition switch is turned ON.

• Each time the ignition is turned ON, the ESC system

will be ON even if it was turned off previously.

The ESC OFF Indicator Light indicates the

Electronic Stability Control (ESC) is partially

off.

The ESC Activation/Malfunction Indicator Light (lo-

cated in the instrument cluster) starts to flash as soon as

the tires lose traction and the ESC system becomes

212 STARTING AND OPERATING

TIRE SAFETY INFORMATION

NOTE:

• P (Passenger) — Metric tire sizing is based on U.S.

design standards. P-Metric tires have the letter “P”

molded into the sidewall preceding the size designa-

tion. Example: P215/65R15 95H.

Tire Markings

• European — Metric tire sizing is based on European

design standards. Tires designed to this standard

have the tire size molded into the sidewall beginning

with the section width. The letter ЉPЉ is absent from

this tire size designation. Example: 215/65R15 96H.

• LT (Light Truck) — Metric tire sizing is based on U.S.

design standards. The size designation for LT-Metric

tires is the same as for P-Metric tires except for the

letters “LT” that are molded into the sidewall preced-

ing the size designation. Example: LT235/85R16.

1 — U.S. DOT Safety

Standards Code (TIN)

2 — Size Designation

4 — Maximum Load

5 — Maximum Pressure

• Temporary spare tires are designed for temporary

emergency use only. Temporary high pressure com-

pact spare tires have the letter “T” or “S” molded into

the sidewall preceding the size designation.

Example: T145/80D18 103M.

3 — Service Description 6 — Treadwear, Traction

and Temperature Grades

• High flotation tire sizing is based on U.S. design

standards and it begins with the tire diameter

molded into the sidewall. Example: 31x10.5 R15 LT.

STARTING AND OPERATING 213

Tire Sizing Chart

EXAMPLE:

Example Size Designation: P215/65R15XL 95H, 215/65R15 96H, LT235/85R16C, T145/80D18 103M, 31x10.5 R15 LT

P = Passenger car tire size based on U.S. design standards, or

؆....blank....؆ = Passenger car tire based on European design standards, or

LT = Light truck tire based on U.S. design standards, or

T or S = Temporary spare tire or

5

31 = Overall diameter in inches (in)

215, 235, 145 = Section width in millimeters (mm)

65, 85, 80 = Aspect ratio in percent (%)

–

Ratio of section height to section width of tire, or

10.5 = Section width in inches (in)

R = Construction code

–

ЉRЉ means radial construction, or

ЉDЉ means diagonal or bias construction

15, 16, 18 = Rim diameter in inches (in)

214 STARTING AND OPERATING

EXAMPLE:

Service Description:

95 = Load Index

–

A numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry

H = Speed Symbol

–

A symbol indicating the range of speeds at which a tire can carry a load corresponding to its load index un-

der certain operating conditions

The maximum speed corresponding to the speed symbol should only be achieved under specified operating

conditions (i.e., tire pressure, vehicle loading, road conditions, and posted speed limits)

Load Identification:

Absence of the following load identification symbols on the sidewall of the tire indicates a Standard Load (SL)

tire:

• XL = Extra load (or reinforced) tire, or

• LL = Light load tire or

• C, D, E, F, G = Load range associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at a specified pressure

Maximum Load – Maximum load indicates the maximum load this tire is designed to carry

Maximum Pressure – Maximum pressure indicates the maximum permissible cold tire inflation pressure for

this tire

STARTING AND OPERATING 215

Tire Identification Number (TIN)

tire. Look for the TIN on the outboard side of black

sidewall tires as mounted on the vehicle. If the TIN is

not found on the outboard side, then you will find it on

the inboard side of the tire.

The TIN may be found on one or both sides of the tire;

however, the date code may only be on one side. Tires

with white sidewalls will have the full TIN, including

the date code, located on the white sidewall side of the

EXAMPLE:

DOT MA L9 ABCD 0301

5

DOT = Department of Transportation

This symbol certifies that the tire is in compliance with the U.S. Department of Transportation tire safety

standards and is approved for highway use

•

MA = Code representing the tire manufacturing location (two digits)

L9 = Code representing the tire size (two digits)

ABCD = Code used by the tire manufacturer (one to four digits)

03 = Number representing the week in which the tire was manufactured (two digits)

•

03 means the 3rd week

01 = Number representing the year in which the tire was manufactured (two digits)

•

01 means the year 2001

Prior to July 2000, tire manufacturers were only required to have one number to represent the year in which

the tire was manufactured. Example: 031 could represent the 3rd week of 1981 or 1991

216 STARTING AND OPERATING

Tire Terminology And Definitions

Term

Definition

B-Pillar

The vehicle B-Pillar is the structural member of the body located

behind the front door.

Cold Tire Inflation Pressure

Cold tire inflation pressure is defined as the tire pressure after

the vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours, or driven

less than 1 mile (1.6 km) after sitting for a minimum of three

hours. Inflation pressure is measured in units of PSI (pounds per

square inch) or kPa (kilopascals).

Maximum Inflation Pressure

The maximum inflation pressure is the maximum permissible

cold tire inflation pressure for this tire. The maximum inflation

pressure is molded into the sidewall.

Recommended Cold Tire Inflation

Pressure

Vehicle manufacturer’s recommended cold tire inflation pressure

as shown on the tire placard.

Tire Placard

A label permanently attached to the vehicle describing the vehi-

cle’s loading capacity, the original equipment tire sizes and the

recommended cold tire inflation pressures.

STARTING AND OPERATING 217

Tire Loading And Tire Pressure

Tire And Loading Information Placard Location

NOTE: The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed

on the driver’s side B-Pillar or the rear edge of the

driver’s side door.

Check the inflation pressure of each tire, including the

spare tire (if equipped), at least monthly and inflate to

the recommended pressure for your vehicle.

5

Example Tire Placard Location (B-Pillar)

WARNING!

• Overloading of your tires is dangerous. Overload-

ing can cause tire failure, affect vehicle handling,

and increase your stopping distance. Use tires of

the recommended load capacity for your vehicle.

Never overload them.

(Continued)

Example Tire Placard Location (Door)

218 STARTING AND OPERATING

Tire And Loading Information Placard

WARNING! (Continued)

• Improperly inflated tires are dangerous and can

cause collisions. Under-inflation increases tire

flexing and can result in over-heating and tire

failure. Over-inflation reduces a tire’s ability to

cushion shock. Objects on the road and chuck

holes can cause damage that results in tire failure.

Unequal tire pressures can cause steering prob-

lems. You could lose control of your vehicle.

Over-inflated or under-inflated tires can affect

vehicle handling and can fail suddenly, resulting

in loss of vehicle control. Always drive with each

tire inflated to the recommended cold tire infla-

tion pressure.

Tire And Loading Information Placard

This placard tells you important information about the:

1. Number of people that can be carried in the vehicle.

2. Total weight your vehicle can carry.

3. Tire size designed for your vehicle.

4. Cold tire inflation pressures for the front, rear, and

spare tires.

STARTING AND OPERATING 219

Loading

To determine the maximum loading conditions of your

vehicle, locate the statement “The combined weight of

occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or

XXX lbs” on the Tire and Loading Information placard.

The combined weight of occupants, cargo/luggage and

trailer tongue weight (if applicable) should never ex-

ceed the weight referenced here.

The vehicle maximum load on the tire must not exceed

the load carrying capacity of the tire on your vehicle.

You will not exceed the tire’s load carrying capacity if

you adhere to the loading conditions, tire size, and cold

tire inflation pressures specified on the Tire and Load-

ing Information placard in “Vehicle Loading” in “Start-

ing And Operating”, or the Tire Information Supple-

ment, located in your Owner’s Information kit.

5

Steps For Determining Correct Load Limit—

(1) Locate the statement “The combined weight of

occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or

XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard.

NOTE: Under a maximum loaded vehicle condition,

gross axle weight ratings (GAWRs) for the front and

rear axles must not be exceeded. Refer to “Vehicle

Loading” in “Starting And Operating”, or the Tire

Information Supplement located in your Owner’s Infor-

mation kit, for further information on GAWRs, vehicle

loading, and trailer towing.

(2) Determine the combined weight of the driver and

passengers that will be riding in your vehicle.

(3) Subtract the combined weight of the driver and

passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.

220 STARTING AND OPERATING

(4) The resulting figure equals the available amount

of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if

“XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five

150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of

available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs.

(1400-750 (5x150) = 650 lbs.)

Metric Example For Load Limit

For example, if “XXX” amount equals 635 kg, and there

will be five 68 kg passengers in your vehicle, the

amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is

295 kg (635-340 (5x68) = 295 kg) as shown in step 4.

NOTE:

(5) Determine the combined weight of luggage and

cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may

not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage

load capacity calculated in Step 4.

• If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from

your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. The

following table shows examples on how to calculate

total load, cargo/luggage, and towing capacities of

your vehicle with varying seating configurations and

number and size of occupants. This table is for

illustration purposes only and may not be accurate

for the seating and load carry capacity of your

vehicle.

(6) If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from

your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle.

Consult this manual to determine how this reduces

the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your

vehicle.

• For the following example, the combined weight of

occupants and cargo should never exceed 865 lbs

(392 kg).

STARTING AND OPERATING 221

5

WARNING!

Overloading of your tires is dangerous. Overload-

ing can cause tire failure, affect vehicle handling,

and increase your stopping distance. Use tires of the

recommended load capacity for your vehicle. Never

overload them.

222 STARTING AND OPERATING

TIRES — GENERAL INFORMATION

WARNING! (Continued)

Tire Pressure

• Overinflated or underinflated tires can affect ve-

hicle handling and can fail suddenly, resulting in

loss of vehicle control.

• Unequal tire pressures can cause steering prob-

lems. You could lose control of your vehicle.

• Unequal tire pressures from one side of the ve-

hicle to the other can cause the vehicle to drift to

the right or left.

Proper tire inflation pressure is essential to the safe and

satisfactory operation of your vehicle. Four primary

areas are affected by improper tire pressure:

• Safety and Vehicle Stability

• Economy

• Tread Wear

• Always drive with each tire inflated to the recom-

mended cold tire inflation pressure.

• Ride Comfort

Safety

Both under-inflation and over-inflation affect the stabil-

ity of the vehicle and can produce a feeling of sluggish

response or over responsiveness in the steering.

WARNING!

• Improperly inflated tires are dangerous and can

cause collisions.

• Underinflation increases tire flexing and can re-

sult in overheating and tire failure.

NOTE:

• Unequal tire pressures from side to side may cause

erratic and unpredictable steering response.

• Overinflation reduces a tire’s ability to cushion

shock. Objects on the road and chuckholes can

cause damage that result in tire failure.

• Unequal tire pressure from side to side may cause the

vehicle to drift left or right.

Fuel Economy

(Continued)

Underinflated tires will increase tire rolling resistance

resulting in higher fuel consumption.

STARTING AND OPERATING 223

Tread Wear

CAUTION!

Improper cold tire inflation pressures can cause abnor-

mal wear patterns and reduced tread life, resulting in

the need for earlier tire replacement.

After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure,

always reinstall the valve stem cap. This will pre-

vent moisture and dirt from entering the valve stem,

which could damage the valve stem.

Ride Comfort And Vehicle Stability

Proper tire inflation contributes to a comfortable ride.

Over-inflation produces a jarring and uncomfortable

ride.

Inflation pressures specified on the placard are always

“cold tire inflation pressure”. Cold tire inflation pres-

sure is defined as the tire pressure after the vehicle has

not been driven for at least three hours, or driven less

than 1 mile (1.6 km) after sitting for a minimum of three

hours. The cold tire inflation pressure must not exceed

the maximum inflation pressure molded into the tire

sidewall.

5

Tire Inflation Pressures

The proper cold tire inflation pressure is listed on the

driver’s side B-Pillar or rear edge of the driver’s side

door.

At least once a month:

Check tire pressures more often if subject to a wide

range of outdoor temperatures, as tire pressures vary

with temperature changes.

• Check and adjust tire pressure with a good quality

pocket-type pressure gauge. Do not make a visual

judgement when determining proper inflation. Tires

may look properly inflated even when they are

under-inflated.

Tire pressures change by approximately 1 psi (7 kPa)

per 12°F (7°C) of air temperature change. Keep this in

mind when checking tire pressure inside a garage,

especially in the Winter.

• Inspect tires for signs of tire wear or visible damage.

Example: If garage temperature = 68°F (20°C) and the

outside temperature = 32°F (0°C) then the cold tire

224 STARTING AND OPERATING

inflation pressure should be increased by 3 psi (21 kPa),

which equals 1 psi (7 kPa) for every 12°F (7°C) for this

outside temperature condition.

WARNING! (Continued)

serious collision. Do not drive a vehicle loaded to

the maximum capacity at continuous speeds above

75 mph (120 km/h).

Tire pressure may increase from 2 to 6 psi (13 to 40 kPa)

during operation. DO NOT reduce this normal pressure

build up or your tire pressure will be too low.

Radial Ply Tires

Tire Pressures For High Speed Operation

WARNING!

The manufacturer advocates driving at safe speeds and

within posted speed limits. Where speed limits or

conditions are such that the vehicle can be driven at

high speeds, maintaining correct tire inflation pressure

is very important. Increased tire pressure and reduced

vehicle loading may be required for high-speed vehicle

operation. Refer to your authorized tire dealer or origi-

nal equipment vehicle dealer for recommended safe

operating speeds, loading and cold tire inflation pres-

sures.

Combining radial ply tires with other types of tires

on your vehicle will cause your vehicle to handle

poorly. The instability could cause a collision. Al-

ways use radial ply tires in sets of four. Never

combine them with other types of tires.

Tire Repair

If your tire becomes damaged, it may be repaired if it

meets the following criteria:

• The tire has not been driven on when flat.

WARNING!

• The damage is only on the tread section of your tire

High speed driving with your vehicle under maxi-

mum load is dangerous. The added strain on your

tires could cause them to fail. You could have a

(sidewall damage is not repairable).

• The puncture is no greater than a ¼ of an inch

(6 mm).

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 225

Consult an authorized tire dealer for tire repairs and

additional information.

Summer Or Three Season Tires — If Equipped

Summer tires provide traction in both wet and dry

conditions, and are not intended to be driven in snow or

on ice. If your vehicle is equipped with Summer tires, be

aware these tires are not designed for Winter or cold

driving conditions. Install Winter tires on your vehicle

when ambient temperatures are less than 40°F (5°C) or

if roads are covered with ice or snow. For more infor-

mation, contact an authorized dealer.

Damaged Run Flat tires, or Run Flat tires that have

experienced a loss of pressure should be replaced

immediately with another Run Flat tire of identical

size and service description (Load Index and Speed

Symbol).

5

Tire Types

All Season Tires — If Equipped

Summer tires do not contain the all season designation

or mountain/snowflake symbol on the tire sidewall.

Use Summer tires only in sets of four; failure to do so

may adversely affect the safety and handling of your

vehicle.

All season tires provide traction for all seasons (Spring,

Summer, Fall and Winter). Traction levels may vary

between different all season tires. All season tires can be

identified by the M+S, M&S, M/S or MS designation on

the tire sidewall. Use all season tires only in sets of four;

failure to do so may adversely affect the safety and

handling of your vehicle.

WARNING!

Do not use Summer tires in snow/ice conditions.

You could lose vehicle control, resulting in severe

injury or death. Driving too fast for conditions also

creates the possibility of loss of vehicle control.

226 STARTING AND OPERATING

Snow Tires

Run Flat Tires — If Equipped

Some areas of the country require the use of snow tires

during the Winter. Snow tires can be identified by a

“mountain/snowflake” symbol on the tire sidewall.

Run Flat tires allow you the capability to drive 50 miles

(80 km) at 50 mph (80 km/h) after a rapid loss of

inflation pressure. This rapid loss of inflation is referred

to as the Run Flat mode. A Run Flat mode occurs when

the tire inflation pressure is of/or below 14 psi (96 kPa).

Once a Run Flat tire reaches the Run Flat mode, it has

limited driving capabilities and needs to be replaced

immediately. A Run Flat tire is not repairable.

If you need snow tires, select tires

equivalent in size and type to the

original equipment tires. Use snow

tires only in sets of four; failure to do

so may adversely affect the safety

and handling of your vehicle.

It is not recommended to drive a vehicle loaded at full

capacity, or to tow a trailer while a tire is in the Run Flat

mode.

Snow tires generally have lower speed ratings than

what was originally equipped with your vehicle and

should not be operated at sustained speeds over 75 mph

(120 km/h). For speeds above 75 mph (120 km/h), refer

to original equipment or an authorized tire dealer for

recommended safe operating speeds, loading and cold

tire inflation pressures.

See the tire pressure monitoring section for more infor-

mation.

Spare Tires — If Equipped

NOTE: For vehicles equipped with Tire Service Kit

instead of a spare tire, please refer to the “Tire Service

Kit” section located in your Owner’s Information kit for

further information.

While studded tires improve performance on ice, skid

and traction capability on wet or dry surfaces may be

poorer than that of non-studded tires. Some states

prohibit studded tires; therefore, local laws should be

checked before using these tire types.

STARTING AND OPERATING 227

tire. Compact spare tire descriptions begin with the

letter “T” or “S” preceding the size designation.

Example: T145/80D18 103M.

CAUTION!

Because of the reduced ground clearance, do not

take your vehicle through an automatic car wash

with a compact or limited use temporary spare

installed. Damage to the vehicle may result.

T, S = Temporary Spare Tire

Since this tire has limited tread life, the original equip-

ment tire should be repaired (or replaced) and rein-

stalled on your vehicle at the first opportunity.

Spare Tire Matching Original Equipped Tire And

Wheel — If Equipped

5

Do not install a wheel cover or attempt to mount a

conventional tire on the compact spare wheel, since the

wheel is designed specifically for the compact spare

tire. Do not install more than one compact spare tire and

wheel on the vehicle at any given time.

Your vehicle may be equipped with a spare tire and

wheel equivalent in look and function to the original

equipment tire and wheel found on the front or rear

axle of your vehicle. This spare tire may be used in the

tire rotation for your vehicle. If your vehicle has this

option, refer to an authorized tire dealer for the recom-

mended tire rotation pattern.

WARNING!

Compact and Collapsible spares are for temporary

emergency use only. With these spares, do not drive

more than 50 mph (80 km/h). Temporary use spares

have limited tread life. When the tread is worn to

the tread wear indicators, the temporary use spare

tire needs to be replaced. Be sure to follow the

warnings, which apply to your spare. Failure to do

so could result in spare tire failure and loss of

vehicle control.

Compact Spare Tire — If Equipped

The compact spare is for temporary emergency use

only. You can identify if your vehicle is equipped with

a compact spare by looking at the spare tire description

on the Tire and Loading Information Placard located on

the driver’s side door opening or on the sidewall of the

228 STARTING AND OPERATING

Collapsible Spare Tire — If Equipped

WARNING!

The collapsible spare is for temporary emergency use

only. You can identify if your vehicle is equipped with

a collapsible spare by looking at the spare tire descrip-

tion on the Tire and Loading Information Placard

located on the driver’s side door opening or on the

sidewall of the tire.

Compact and Collapsible spares are for temporary

emergency use only. With these spares, do not drive

more than 50 mph (80 km/h). Temporary use spares

have limited tread life. When the tread is worn to

the tread wear indicators, the temporary use spare

tire needs to be replaced. Be sure to follow the

warnings, which apply to your spare. Failure to do

so could result in spare tire failure and loss of

vehicle control.

Collapsible

spare

tire

description

example:

165/80-17 101P.

Since this tire has limited tread life, the original equip-

ment tire should be repaired (or replaced) and rein-

stalled on your vehicle at the first opportunity.

Full Size Spare — If Equipped

The full size spare is for temporary emergency use only.

This tire may look like the originally equipped tire on

the front or rear axle of your vehicle, but it is not. This

spare tire may have limited tread life. When the tread is

worn to the tread wear indicators, the temporary use

full size spare tire needs to be replaced. Since it is not

the same as your original equipment tire, replace (or

repair) the original equipment tire and reinstall on the

vehicle at the first opportunity.

Inflate collapsible tire only after the wheel is properly

installed to the vehicle. Inflate the collapsible tire using

the electric air pump before lowering the vehicle.

Do not install a wheel cover or attempt to mount a

conventional tire on the collapsible spare wheel, since

the wheel is designed specifically for the collapsible

spare tire.

STARTING AND OPERATING 229

Limited Use Spare — If Equipped

Tire Spinning

The limited use spare tire is for temporary emergency

use only. This tire is identified by a label located on the

limited use spare wheel. This label contains the driving

limitations for this spare. This tire may look like the

original equipped tire on the front or rear axle of your

vehicle, but it is not. Installation of this limited use

spare tire affects vehicle handling. Since it is not the

same as your original equipment tire, replace (or repair)

the original equipment tire and reinstall on the vehicle

at the first opportunity.

When stuck in mud, sand, snow, or ice conditions, do

not spin your vehicle’s wheels above 30 mph (48 km/h)

or for longer than 30 seconds continuously without

stopping.

Refer to “Freeing A Stuck Vehicle” in “What To Do In

Emergencies” for further information.

5

WARNING!

Fast spinning tires can be dangerous. Forces gener-

ated by excessive wheel speeds may cause tire

damage or failure. A tire could explode and injure

someone. Do not spin your vehicle’s wheels faster

than 30 mph (48 km/h) for more than 30 seconds

continuously when you are stuck, and do not let

anyone near a spinning wheel, no matter what the

speed.

WARNING!

Limited use spares are for emergency use only.

Installation of this limited use spare tire affects

vehicle handling. With this tire, do not drive more

than the speed listed on the limit use spare wheel.

Keep inflated to the cold tire inflation pressures

listed on your Tire and Loading Information Plac-

ard located on the driver’s side B-Pillar or the rear

edge of the driver’s side door. Replace (or repair)

the original equipment tire at the first opportunity

and reinstall it on your vehicle. Failure to do so

could result in loss of vehicle control.

Tread Wear Indicators

Tread wear indicators are in the original equipment

tires to help you in determining when your tires should

be replaced.

230 STARTING AND OPERATING

• Driving style.

• Tire pressure – Improper cold tire inflation pressures

can cause uneven wear patterns to develop across the

tire tread. These abnormal wear patterns will reduce

tread life, resulting in the need for earlier tire replace-

ment.

• Distance driven.

• Performance tires, tires with a speed rating of V or

higher, and Summer tires typically have a reduced

tread life. Rotation of these tires per the vehicle

maintenance schedule is highly recommended.

Tire Tread

1 — Worn Tire

2 — New Tire

WARNING!

Tires and the spare tire should be replaced after six

years, regardless of the remaining tread. Failure to

follow this warning can result in sudden tire fail-

ure. You could lose control and have a collision

resulting in serious injury or death.

These indicators are molded into the bottom of the tread

grooves. They will appear as bands when the tread

depth becomes a 1/16 of an inch (1.6 mm). When the

tread is worn to the tread wear indicators, the tire

should be replaced. Refer to “Replacement Tires” in this

section for further information.

Keep dismounted tires in a cool, dry place with as little

exposure to light as possible. Protect tires from contact

with oil, grease, and gasoline.

Life Of Tire

The service life of a tire is dependent upon varying

factors including, but not limited to:

STARTING AND OPERATING 231

Replacement Tires

you may have on tire specifications or capability. Fail-

ure to use equivalent replacement tires may adversely

affect the safety, handling, and ride of your vehicle.

The tires on your new vehicle provide a balance of

many characteristics. They should be inspected regu-

larly for wear and correct cold tire inflation pressures.

The manufacturer strongly recommends that you use

tires equivalent to the originals in size, quality and

performance when replacement is needed. Refer to the

paragraph on “Tread Wear Indicator” in this section.

Refer to the Tire and Loading Information placard or

the Vehicle Certification Label for the size designation

of your tire. The Load Index and Speed Symbol for your

tire will be found on the original equipment tire side-

wall.

WARNING!

• Do not use a tire, wheel size or rating other than

that specified for your vehicle. Some combina-

tions of unapproved tires and wheels may change

suspension dimensions and performance charac-

teristics, resulting in changes to steering, han-

dling, and braking of your vehicle. This can cause

unpredictable handling and stress to steering and

suspension components. You could lose control

and have a collision resulting in serious injury or

death. Use only the tire and wheel sizes with load

ratings approved for your vehicle.

• Never use a tire with a smaller load index or

capacity, other than what was originally equipped

on your vehicle. Using a tire with a smaller load

index could result in tire overloading and failure.

You could lose control and have a collision.

• Failure to equip your vehicle with tires having

adequate speed capability can result in sudden

tire failure and loss of vehicle control.

5

See the Tire Sizing Chart example found in the “Tire

Safety Information” section of this manual for more

information relating to the Load Index and Speed

Symbol of a tire.

It is recommended to replace the two front tires or two

rear tires as a pair. Replacing just one tire can seriously

affect your vehicle’s handling. If you ever replace a

wheel, make sure that the wheel’s specifications match

those of the original wheels.

It is recommended you contact your authorized tire

dealer or original equipment dealer with any questions

232 STARTING AND OPERATING

CAUTION!

To avoid damage to your vehicle or tires, observe

the following precautions:

Replacing original tires with tires of a different size

may result in false speedometer and odometer read-

ings.

• Because of restricted traction device clearance

between tires and other suspension components,

it is important that only traction devices in good

condition are used. Broken devices can cause

serious damage. Stop the vehicle immediately if

noise occurs that could indicate device breakage.

Remove the damaged parts of the device before

further use.

TIRE CHAINS (TRACTION DEVICES)

Use of traction devices require sufficient tire-to-body

clearance. Follow these recommendations to guard

against damage:

• Traction device must be of proper size for the tire, as

recommended by the traction device manufacturer.

• Install device as tightly as possible and then

retighten after driving about ½ mile (0.8 km).

• Do not exceed 30 mph (48 km/h).

• Drive cautiously and avoid severe turns and large

bumps, especially with a loaded vehicle.

• Do not drive for a prolonged period on dry

pavement.

• Observe the traction device manufacturer’s in-

structions on the method of installation, operat-

ing speed, and conditions for use. Always use the

suggested operating speed of the device manufac-

turer’s if it is less than 30 mph (48 km/h).

• Install on Front Tires.

• Due to limited clearance, a 185/55R15 tire with a

Security Chain Company (SCC) Super Z6 low profile

traction device or equivalent is recommended.

WARNING!

Using tires of different size and type (M+S, Snow)

between front and rear axles can cause unpredict-

able handling. You could lose control and have a

collision.

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 233

CAUTION! (Continued)

• Do not use traction devices on a compact spare

tire.

TIRE ROTATION RECOMMENDATIONS

The tires on the front and rear of your vehicle operate at

different loads and perform different steering, driving,

and braking functions. For these reasons, they wear at

unequal rates.

5

These effects can be reduced by timely rotation of tires.

The benefits of rotation are especially worthwhile with

aggressive tread designs such as those on all season

type tires. Rotation will increase tread life, help to

maintain mud, snow and wet traction levels, and con-

tribute to a smooth, quiet ride.

Tire Rotation

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION UNIFORM

TIRE QUALITY GRADES

The following tire grading categories were estab-

lished by the National Highway Traffic Safety Ad-

ministration. The specific grade rating assigned by

the tire’s manufacturer in each category is shown on

the sidewall of the tires on your vehicle.

Refer to the “Maintenance Schedule” for the proper

maintenance intervals. The reasons for any rapid or

unusual wear should be corrected prior to rotation

being performed.

All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Federal

safety requirements in addition to these grades.

The suggested rotation method is the “forward cross”

shown in the following diagram. This rotation pattern

does not apply to some directional tires that must not be

reversed.

234 STARTING AND OPERATING

Treadwear

WARNING!

The Treadwear grade is a comparative rating, based

on the wear rate of the tire when tested under

controlled conditions on a specified government test

course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear

one and one-half times as well on the government

course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance

of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their

use, however, and may depart significantly from the

norm due to variations in driving habits, service

practices, and differences in road characteristics and

climate.

The traction grade assigned to this tire is based

on straight-ahead braking traction tests, and does

not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplan-

ing, or peak traction characteristics.

Temperature Grades

The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C,

representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of

heat and its ability to dissipate heat, when tested

under controlled conditions on a specified indoor

laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature

can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and

reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead

to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a

level of performance, which all passenger vehicle

tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle

Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent

higher levels of performance on the laboratory test

wheel, than the minimum required by law.

Traction Grades

The Traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA,

A, B, and C. These grades represent the tire’s ability

to stop on wet pavement, as measured under con-

trolled conditions on specified government test sur-

faces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may

have poor traction performance.

STARTING AND OPERATING 235

information on how to properly inflate the vehicle’s

tires. The tire pressure will also increase as the vehicle is

driven, this is normal and there should be no adjust-

ment for this increased pressure.

WARNING!

The temperature grade for this tire is established

for a tire that is properly inflated and not over-

loaded. Excessive speed, under-inflation, or ex-

cessive loading, either separately or in combina-

tion, can cause heat buildup and possible tire

failure.

The TPMS will warn the driver of a low tire pressure if

the tire pressure falls below the low pressure warning

limit for any reason, including low temperature effects,

or natural pressure loss through the tire.

5

The TPMS will continue to warn the driver of low tire

pressure as long as the condition exists, and will not

turn off until the tire pressure is at or above the

recommended cold tire pressure on the placard. Once

the low tire pressure warning (Tire Pressure Monitoring

Telltale Light) illuminates, you must increase the tire

pressure to the recommended cold tire pressure in order

for the Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light to turn

off. The system will automatically update and the Tire

Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light will turn off once the

system receives the updated tire pressures. The vehicle

may need to be driven for up to 20 minutes above

15 mph (24 km/h) in order for the TPMS to receive this

information.

TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM (TPMS)

The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) will warn the

driver of a low tire pressure based on the vehicle

recommended cold tire pressure.

The tire pressure will vary with temperature by about

1 psi (7 kPa) for every 12°F (6.5°C). This means that

when the outside temperature decreases, the tire pres-

sure will decrease. Tire pressure should always be set

based on cold inflation tire pressure. This is defined as

the tire pressure after the vehicle has not been driven

for at least three hours, or driven less than 1 mile

(1.6 km) after a three hour period. The cold tire inflation

pressure must not exceed the maximum inflation pres-

sure molded into the tire sidewall. Refer to “Tires –

General Information” in “Starting And Operating” for

For example, your vehicle may have a recommended

cold (parked for more than three hours) tire pressure of

236 STARTING AND OPERATING

30 psi (207 kPa). If the ambient temperature is 68°F

(20°C) and the measured tire pressure is 27 psi

(186 kPa), a temperature drop to 20°F (-7°C) will

decrease the tire pressure to approximately 23 psi

(159 kPa). This tire pressure is sufficiently low enough

to turn on the Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light.

Driving the vehicle may cause the tire pressure to rise to

approximately 27 psi (186 kPa), but the Tire Pressure

Monitoring Telltale Light will still be on. In this situa-

tion, the Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light will

turn off only after the tires are inflated to the vehicle’s

recommended cold tire pressure value.

CAUTION! (Continued)

System (TPMS) sensor to become inoperable.

After using an aftermarket tire sealant it is recom-

mended that you take your vehicle to an autho-

rized dealership to have your sensor function

checked.

• After inspecting or adjusting the tire pressure,

always reinstall the valve stem cap. This will

prevent moisture and dirt from entering the valve

stem, which could damage the Tire Pressure

Monitoring Sensor.

NOTE:

CAUTION!

• The TPMS is not intended to replace normal tire care

and maintenance, or to provide warning of a tire

failure or condition.

• The TPMS has been optimized for the original

equipment tires and wheels. TPMS pressures and

warnings have been established for the tire size

equipped on your vehicle. Undesirable system

operation or sensor damage may result when

using replacement equipment that is not of the

same size, type, and/or style. Aftermarket wheels

can cause sensor damage. Using aftermarket tire

sealants may cause the Tire Pressure Monitoring

• The TPMS should not be used as a tire pressure

gauge while adjusting your tire pressure.

• Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire causes

the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure.

Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiency and tire

tread life, and may affect the vehicle’s handling and

stopping ability.

(Continued)

STARTING AND OPERATING 237

The TPMS consists of the following components:

• Receiver Module

• The TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire mainte-

nance, and it is the driver’s responsibility to maintain

correct tire pressure using an accurate tire gauge,

even if under-inflation has not reached the level to

trigger illumination of the Tire Pressure Monitoring

Telltale Light.

• Four Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensors

• Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light

• Text Message Display

• Seasonal temperature changes will affect tire pres-

sure, and the TPMS will monitor the actual tire

pressure in the tire.

Tire Pressure Monitoring Low Pressure Warnings

5

The Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light will illumi-

nate in the instrument cluster, an audible chime will be

activated, and the “Low inflation pressure left or right

front/rear tire” text message will display when one or

more of the four active road tire pressures are low.

Should this occur, you should stop as soon as possible,

check the inflation pressure of each tire on your vehicle,

and inflate each tire to the vehicle’s recommended cold

placard pressure value. The system will automatically

update and the Tire Pressure Monitoring Light will

extinguish once the updated tire pressures have been

received. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to

20 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) to receive this

information.

TPM System With Comfort Cluster

This is the TPMS warning indicator located in

the instrument cluster.

The TPMS uses wireless technology with wheel rim

mounted electronic sensors to monitor tire pressure

levels. Sensors, mounted to each wheel as part of the

valve stem, transmit tire pressure readings to the Re-

ceiver Module.

NOTE: It is particularly important for you to check the

tire pressure in all of the tires on your vehicle regularly

and to maintain the proper pressure.

238 STARTING AND OPERATING

TPMS Warnings

• The compact spare tire does not have a tire pressure

monitoring sensor. Therefore, the TPMS will not

monitor the tire pressure in the compact spare tire.

The Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light will flash on

and off for 75 seconds and remain on solid when a

system fault is detected, an audible chime will be

activated and the “Service Tire Pressure Monitoring

System” text message will display. If the ignition key is

cycled, this sequence will repeat providing the system

fault still exists. The Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale

Light will turn off when the fault condition no longer

exists. A system fault can occur with any of the follow-

ing scenarios:

• If you install the compact spare tire in place of a road

tire that has a pressure below the low-pressure

warning limit, upon the next ignition key cycle, a

chime will sound, the Tire Pressure Monitoring Tell-

tale Light and the Low inflation pressure left or right

front / rear tire message will still turn ON due to the

low tire.

• However, after driving the vehicle for up to

20 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h), the Tire Pres-

sure Monitoring Telltale Light will flash on and off

for 75 seconds and then remain on solid and the

“Service Tire Pressure Monitoring System” message

will be displayed.

• Jamming due to electronic devices or driving next to

facilities emitting the same radio frequencies as the

TPM sensors.

• Installing some form of aftermarket window tinting

that affects radio wave signals.

• This occurs for each subsequent ignition key cycle, a

chime will sound and the Tire Pressure Monitoring

Telltale Light will flash on and off for 75 seconds and

then remain on solid and the “Service Tire Pressure

Monitoring System” message will be displayed.

• Snow or ice around the wheels or wheel housings.

• Using tire chains on the vehicle.

• Using wheels/tires not equipped with TPM sensors.

NOTE: Your vehicle may be equipped with a compact

• Once you repair or replace the original road tire and

reinstall it on the vehicle in place of the compact

spare tire, the TPMS will update automatically and

spare wheel and tire assembly.

STARTING AND OPERATING 239

the Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light will turn

OFF, as long as no tire pressure is below the low-

pressure warning limit in any of the four active road

tires. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to

20 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) in order for the

TPMS to receive this information.

Tire Pressure Monitoring Low Pressure Warnings

The “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will

illuminate in the instrument cluster and a chime will

sound when tire pressure is low in one or more of the

four active road tires. In addition, the instrument

cluster will display a low pressure text message and

a graphic showing the low tire pressure tire high-

lighted in a different color.

TPM System With (TFT) Tire Pressure Display

Screen

5

The Tire Pressure Monitor System (TPMS) uses wireless

technology with wheel rim mounted electronic sensors

to monitor tire pressure levels. Sensors, mounted to

each wheel as part of the valve stem, transmit tire

pressure readings to the receiver module.

The TPMS consists of the following components:

• Receiver module

• Four Tire Pressure Monitoring Sensors

• Various Tire Pressure Monitoring System messages,

which display in the instrument cluster

Low Tire Indicator

• Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light

Should this occur, you should stop as soon as possible

and inflate the tires with low pressure to the vehicle’s

recommended cold placard pressure value. Once the

system receives the updated tire pressures, the system

240 STARTING AND OPERATING

will automatically update and the “Tire Pressure Moni-

toring Telltale Light” will turn off. The vehicle may

need to be driven for up to 20 minutes above 15 mph

(24 km/h) in order for the TPMS to receive this infor-

mation.

If the ignition switch is cycled, this sequence will repeat,

providing the system fault still exists. If the system fault

no longer exists, the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale

Light” will no longer flash, and the “Service Tire

Pressure Monitoring System” message will no longer

display.

TPMS Warning

A system fault can occur due to any of the following:

When a system fault is detected, the “Tire Pressure

Monitoring Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75

seconds and then remain on solid. The system fault will

sound a chime and also display a “Service Tire Pressure

Monitoring System” message in the instrument cluster

for approximately 5 seconds.

1. Signal interference due to electronic devices or driv-

ing next to facilities emitting the same radio frequen-

cies as the TPM sensors.

2. Installing aftermarket window tinting that contains

materials that may block radio wave signals.

3. Accumulation of snow or ice around the wheels or

wheel housings.

4. Using tire chains on the vehicle.

5. Using wheels/tires not equipped with TPM sensors.

NOTE:

• The TPMS will not monitor the pressure in a replace-

ment tire installed without a tire pressure sensor.

• If you install a replacement tire in place of a road tire

that has a pressure below the low-pressure warning

Service TPM System Message

STARTING AND OPERATING 241

limit, upon the next ignition switch cycle, the “Tire

Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light” will remain on

and a chime will sound. In addition, the graphic in

the instrument cluster will still display a low pres-

sure message and a tire highlighted in a different

color.

road tires. The vehicle may need to be driven for up to

20 minutes above 15 mph (24 km/h) in order for the

TPMS to receive this information.

General Information

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules and

RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the

following two conditions:

• After driving the vehicle for up to 20 minutes above

15 mph (24 km/h), the “Tire Pressure Monitoring

Telltale Light” will flash on and off for 75 seconds

and then remain on solid. In addition, the instrument

cluster will display a “Service TPM System” mes-

sage.

5

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference.

(2) This device must accept any interference received,

including interference that may cause undesired opera-

tion.

• For each subsequent ignition switch cycle, a chime

will sound, the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale

Light” will flash on and off for 75 seconds and then

remain on solid, and the instrument cluster will

display a “Service Tire Pressure Monitoring System”

message.

NOTE: Changes or modifications not expressly ap-

proved by the party responsible for compliance could

void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

FUEL REQUIREMENTS

Once you repair or replace the original road tire and

reinstall it, the TPMS will update automatically. In

addition, the “Tire Pressure Monitoring Telltale Light”

will turn off as long as no tire pressure is below the

low-pressure warning limit in any of the four active

This engine is designed to meet all

emission regulations, provide satis-

factory fuel economy and perfor-

mance when using high-quality un-

leaded “Regular” gasoline having a

242 STARTING AND OPERATING

posted octane number of 87 as specified by the (R+M)/2

method. For optimum performance and fuel economy

the use of “Premium” 91 octane gasoline or higher is

recommended.

The use of reformulated gasoline is recommended.

Properly blended reformulated gasoline will provide

improved performance and durability of engine and

fuel system components.

While operating on gasoline with an octane number of

87, hearing a light knocking sound from the engine is

not a cause for concern. However, if the engine is heard

making a heavy knocking sound, see your dealer im-

mediately. Use of gasoline with an octane number lower

than 87 can cause engine failure and may void or not be

covered by the New Vehicle Limited Warranty.

Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends

Some fuel suppliers blend unleaded gasoline with

oxygenates such as ethanol.

CAUTION!

DO NOT use gasoline containing methanol or gaso-

line containing more than 15% ethanol (E-15). Use

of these blends may result in starting and drivabil-

ity problems, damage critical fuel system compo-

nents, cause emissions to exceed the applicable

standard, and/or cause the “Malfunction Indicator

Light” to illuminate. Please observe pump labels as

they should clearly communicate if a fuel contains

greater than 15% ethanol (E-15).

Poor quality gasoline can cause problems such as hard

starting, stalling, and hesitations. If you experience

these symptoms, try another brand of gasoline before

considering service for the vehicle.

Reformulated Gasoline

Many areas of the country require the use of cleaner

burning gasoline referred to as “Reformulated Gaso-

line”. Reformulated gasoline contains oxygenates and

are specifically blended to reduce vehicle emissions and

improve air quality.

Problems that result from using gasoline containing

more than 15% ethanol (E-15) or gasoline containing

methanol are not the responsibility of the manufacturer

and may void or not be covered under New Vehicle

Limited Warranty.

STARTING AND OPERATING 243

E-85 Usage In Non-Flex Fuel Vehicles

MMT In Gasoline

Non-Flex Fuel Vehicles (FFV) are compatible with gaso-

line containing up to 15% ethanol (E-15). Gasoline with

higher ethanol content may void the New Vehicle

Limited Warranty.

Methylcyclopentadienyl

Manganese

Tricarbonyl

(MMT) is a manganese-containing metallic additive

that is blended into some gasoline to increase octane.

Gasoline blended with MMT provides no performance

advantage beyond gasoline of the same octane number

without MMT. Gasoline blended with MMT reduces

spark plug life and reduces emissions system perfor-

mance in some vehicles. The manufacturer recom-

mends that gasoline without MMT be used in your

vehicle. The MMT content of gasoline may not be

indicated on the gasoline pump, therefore, you should

ask your gasoline retailer whether the gasoline contains

MMT. MMT is prohibited in Federal and California

reformulated gasoline.

If a Non-FFV vehicle is inadvertently fueled with E-85

fuel, the engine will have some or all of these symp-

toms:

5

• Operate in a lean mode.

• OBD II “Malfunction Indicator Light” on.

• Poor engine performance.

• Poor cold start and cold drivability.

• Increased risk for fuel system component corrosion.

CNG And LP Fuel System Modifications

Modifications that allow the engine to run on com-

pressed natural gas (CNG) or liquid propane (LP) may

result in damage to the engine, emissions, and fuel

system components. Problems that result from running

CNG or LP are not the responsibility of the manufac-

turer and may void or not be covered under the New

Vehicle Limited Warranty.

244 STARTING AND OPERATING

Materials Added To Fuel

Fuel System Cautions

CAUTION!

Besides using unleaded gasoline with the proper octane

rating, gasolines that contain detergents, corrosion, and

stability additives are recommended. Using gasolines

that have these additives will help improve fuel

economy, reduce emissions, and maintain vehicle per-

formance.

Follow these guidelines to maintain your vehicle’s

performance:

• The use of leaded gasoline is prohibited by Fed-

eral law. Using leaded gasoline can impair engine

performance and damage the emissions control

system.

Designated TOP TIER Detergent

Gasoline contains a higher level of

• An out-of-tune engine or certain fuel or ignition

malfunctions can cause the catalytic converter to

overheat. If you notice a pungent burning odor or

some light smoke, your engine may be out of tune

or malfunctioning and may require immediate

service. Contact your authorized dealer for service

assistance.

• The use of fuel additives, which are now being

sold as octane enhancers, is not recommended.

Most of these products contain high concentra-

tions of methanol. Fuel system damage or vehicle

performance problems resulting from the use of

such fuels or additives is not the responsibility of

the manufacturer and may void or not be covered

under the New Vehicle Limited Warranty.

detergents to further aide in mini-

mizing engine and fuel system de-

posits. When available, the usage of

Top Tier Detergent gasoline is recom-

mended. Visit www.toptiergas.com

for a list of TOP TIER Detergent Gasoline Retailers.

Indiscriminate use of fuel system cleaning agents

should be avoided. Many of these materials intended

for gum and varnish removal may contain active sol-

vents or similar ingredients. These can harm fuel sys-

tem gasket and diaphragm materials.

STARTING AND OPERATING 245

NOTE: Intentional tampering with the emissions con-

trol system can result in civil penalties being assessed

against you.

ADDING FUEL

Fuel Filler Cap (Gas Cap)

The gas cap is located on the passenger side of the

vehicle. If the gas cap is lost or damaged, be sure the

replacement cap is the correct one for this vehicle.

Carbon Monoxide Warnings

WARNING!

Carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaust gases is deadly.

Follow the precautions below to prevent carbon

monoxide poisoning:

5

• Do not inhale exhaust gases. They contain carbon

monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas, which can

kill. Never run the engine in a closed area, such as

a garage, and never sit in a parked vehicle with

the engine running for an extended period. If the

vehicle is stopped in an open area with the engine

running for more than a short period, adjust the

ventilation system to force fresh, outside air into

the vehicle.

Fuel Filler Cap

• Guard against carbon monoxide with proper

maintenance. Have the exhaust system inspected

every time the vehicle is raised. Have any abnor-

mal conditions repaired promptly. Until repaired,

drive with all side windows fully open.

CAUTION!

• Damage to the fuel system or emission control

system could result from using an improper fuel

filler cap. A poorly fitting cap could let impurities

(Continued)

246 STARTING AND OPERATING

• Tighten the gas cap about 1/4 turn until you hear one

click. This is an indication that the cap is properly

tightened.

CAUTION! (Continued)

into the fuel system. Also, a poorly fitting after-

market cap can cause the “Malfunction Indicator

Light (MIL)” to illuminate, due to fuel vapors

escaping from the system.

• To avoid fuel spillage and overfilling, do not “top

off” the fuel tank after filling.

• If the gas cap is not tightened properly, the MIL will

come on. Be sure the gas cap is tightened every time

the vehicle is refueled.

Loose Fuel Filler Cap Message

After fuel has been added, the vehicle diagnostic system

can determine if the fuel filler cap is possibly loose,

improperly installed, or damaged. If the system detects

a malfunction, the “gASCAP” message will display in

the odometer display. Tighten the gas cap until a

ЉclickingЉ sound is heard. This is an indication that the

gas cap is properly tightened. Push the odometer reset

button to turn the message off. If the problem persists,

the message will appear the next time the vehicle is

started. This might indicate a damaged cap. If the

problem is detected twice in a row, the system will turn

on the MIL. Resolving the problem will turn the

MIL off.

WARNING!

• Never have any smoking materials lit in or near

the vehicle when the gas cap is removed or the

tank is being filled.

• Never add fuel when the engine is running. It

may cause the MIL to turn on and could cause a

fire.

• A fire may result if gasoline is pumped into a

portable container that is inside of a vehicle. You

could be burned. Always place gas containers on

the ground while filling.

NOTE:

TRAILER TOWING

• When the fuel nozzle “clicks” or shuts off, the fuel

Trailer towing with this vehicle is not recommended.

tank is full.

STARTING AND OPERATING 247

RECREATIONAL TOWING (BEHIND MOTORHOME, ETC.)

Towing This Vehicle Behind Another Vehicle

Towing Condition

Wheels OFF the Ground

Manual Transmission

Automatic Transmission

Flat Tow

NONE

Transmission in

NEUTRAL

NOT ALLOWED

65 mph (105 km/h)

max speed

5

Dolly Tow

On Trailer

Front

Rear

ALL

OK

NOT ALLOWED

OK

NOT ALLOWED

OK

NOTE: When towing your vehicle, always follow ap-

plicable state and provincial laws. Contact state and

provincial Highway Safety offices for additional details.

CAUTION!

• DO NOT flat tow any vehicle equipped with an

automatic transmission. Damage to the drivetrain

will result. If these vehicles require towing, make

sure all drive wheels are OFF the ground.

• Towing this vehicle in violation of the above

requirements can cause severe transmission dam-

age. Damage from improper towing is not covered

under the New Vehicle Limited Warranty.

This vehicle may be towed on a flatbed or vehicle trailer

provided all four wheels are OFF the ground.

This vehicle may also be towed using a tow dolly (with

the front wheels OFF the ground).

Vehicles equipped with manual transmissions may be

flat towed (with all four wheels on the ground) speeds

up to 65 mph (105 km/h), for any distance, if the

manual transmission is in NEUTRAL.

Starting And Operating for Your Fiat 500 SUV First Generation (2007-2019)

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