2002-2010 Porsche Cayenne SUV Driving and Driving Safety User Manual
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Driving and Driving Safety for Your Porsche Cayenne SUV First Generation (2002-2010)

162 Driving and Driving Safety
Driving and Driving Safety
Before driving off ....................................... 163
Tips for running in.......................................163
Ignition lock/steering lock ...........................164
Starting and stopping the engine................. 167
Parking brake .............................................169
Footbrake ..................................................169
Brief overview – cruise control ..................171
Cruise control.............................................172
Manual transmission, clutch.........................175
Tiptronic S ................................................ 176
Selector lever positions...............................177
Driving programmes for on-road
and off-road driving .....................................184
Power-transmission and running-gear
control systems..........................................190
Air suspension with level control
and height adjustment ................................. 202
Porsche Active Suspension Management
(PASM).......................................................206
Porsche Dynamic Chassis
Control (PDCC) ...........................................207
Off-road driving...........................................208
Driving systems for off-road driving ............. 209
Uphill driving...............................................211
Airbag systems...........................................217
Driving and Driving Safety 163
Before driving off
f Check the filling pressure, tread and condition
of all tyres.
f Clean headlight lenses, rear lights, direction
indicators and windows.
f Check operation of headlights, brake lights
and direction indicators with the ignition
switched on.
f Check operation of warning lights and
indicator lights with ignition switched on and
engine switched off.
f Ensure that fuel supply is adequate.
f Adjust interior and door mirrors for proper
vision to the rear.
f Fasten seat belts – driver and passengers.
f Check all fluid levels regularly between service
intervals as well.
Tips for running in
The following tips will be helpful in obtaining
optimum performance from your new Porsche.
Despite the most modern, high-precision manufac-
turing methods, the “wearing in” of moving parts
with each other cannot be completely avoided.
This wearing-in occurs mainly in the first 3,000 km
(1,865 miles).
During the first 3,000 km (1,865 miles) you
should:
f Preferably take longer trips.
f Avoid frequent cold starts with short-distance
driving whenever possible.
f Not participate in motor racing events, sports
driving schools or similar.
f Avoid high engine speeds, especially when the
engine is cold.
Oil and fuel consumption
The oil and fuel consumption may be somewhat
higher than normal during the running-in period.
f The values for oil and fuel consumption are
provided in the chapter Technical Data:
Please observe the chapter “ENGINE DATA” on
Page 363.
Please observe the chapter “FUEL CONSUMP-
TION” on Page 364.
Bedding in new brake pads
New brake pads and brake discs have to be
“bedded in”, and therefore only attain optimal
friction when the vehicle has covered several
hundred km or miles.
The slightly reduced braking ability must be
compensated for by pressing the brake pedal
harder. This also applies whenever the brake pads
or brake discs are replaced.
Running in new tyres
f Please note: new tyres at first do not possess
their full road-holding ability.
The new tyres should therefore be broken in
by driving at moderate speeds for the first
100 - 200 km (60 - 120 miles).
164 Driving and Driving Safety
Key positions
0 - Initial position
1 - Ignition on
2 - Start engine
3 - Ignition off
Ignition lock/steering lock
The ignition lock has a total of four ignition lock
positions.
Note on operation
The vehicle key rebounds to the initial position
from every ignition lock position.
Key positions with Porsche Entry & Drive
0 - Initial position
1 - Ignition on
2 - Start engine
3 - Ignition off
For vehicles that have Porsche Entry & Drive,
you do not need to insert the key into the ignition
lock but merely keep it with you. The ignition key
is replaced by a control unit in the ignition lock
which always remains in the ignition lock, unless
the vehicle is being towed.
Removing the control unit from the ignition
lock
f Press button A and remove the control unit.
Ignition lock position 0
Initial position
The ignition key cannot be withdrawn when the
ignition is switched on or when the engine has
been started.
To withdraw the ignition key:
f Stop the vehicle.
f On vehicles with Tiptronic S:
Move Tiptronic selector lever to position P.
f Switch ignition off.
f Remove ignition key.
Note on operation
The vehicle battery discharges if the ignition key is
left inserted.
f If the vehicle battery is dead, the key can only
be pulled out of the ignition lock if the
emergency operation is performed:
Please observe the chapter “EMERGENCY
OPERATION – UNLOCKING THE IGNITION KEY”
on Page 167.
Driving and Driving Safety 165
Ignition lock position 1
Ignition on
f Turn ignition key to position 1.
Ignition is switched on.
Note on operation
All electrical equipment can be switched on.
The warning lights on the instrument panel light up
for a lamp check.
f For information on the location of the warning
lights:
Please observe the chapter “INSTRUMENT
PANEL” on Page 118.
If a load is not switched on for 10 minutes after
switching on the ignition, the ignition must be
switched on again.
Turn the ignition key to ignition lock position 3
(ignition off) first.
Ignition lock position 2
Start engine
f Operate footbrake.
f Fully depress and hold the clutch pedal or on
vehicles with Tiptronic S:
Move Tiptronic selector lever to position P or
N.
f Do not press the accelerator pedal.
The engine control unit will provide the correct
starting mixture.
f Turn ignition key to ignition lock position 2.
f Do not operate the starter for longer than
approx. 10 seconds.
If necessary, repeat the starting procedure
after a pause of approx. 10 seconds.
Turn the ignition key to ignition lock position 3
(ignition off) first.
f Do not warm up the engine when stationary.
Drive off immediately.
Avoid high revolutions and full throttle until the
engine has reached operating temperature.
f If battery output is insufficient, jump leads can
be used to start the engine.
For information on jump lead starting: Please
observe the chapter “EXTERNAL POWER
SUPPLY, JUMP LEAD STARTING” on
Page 336.
Notes on operation
The first operation of the starter is ended automat-
ically when the engine starts.
If the engine does not start, subsequent starter
operations will not be ended automatically.
When the engine is started, the warning lights
must go out.
Ignition lock position 3
Ignition off
f Turn ignition key to ignition lock position 3.
166 Driving and Driving Safety
Steering column lock
Vehicles without Porsche Entry & Drive
The steering column is automatically locked
when the ignition key is withdrawn from the
ignition lock.
The steering column is automatically unlocked
when the ignition key is inserted into the ignition
lock.
Vehicles with Porsche Entry & Drive
The steering column is automatically locked
when the ignition is switched off and the vehicle is
locked.
Manually locking the steering column on
vehicles with Porsche Entry & Drive
f Depress the clutch on vehicles with manual
transmission.
f Once the ignition is switched off, turn the
control unit again to ignition lock position 3
and hold it there for 2 seconds.
The steering column is locked.
The steering column is automatically unlocked
by turning the control unit from ignition lock
position 0.
Driving and Driving Safety 167
Emergency operation – unlocking the
ignition key
If the vehicle battery is dead, the key can only be
pulled out of the ignition lock if the emergency
operation is performed.
1. Turn ignition key counter-clockwise.
2. Press a pointed object, e.g. a ballpoint pen, in
the opening A next to the ignition lock and
keep pressed.
3. Remove ignition key.
Starting and stopping the engine
The immobiliser can be deactivated and the
engine started only using an authorised ignition
key.
f For further information on the immobiliser:
Please observe the chapter “IMMOBILISER” on
Page 265.
Warning!
Risk of poisoning. Exhaust gas contains
colourless and odourless carbon monoxide,
which is toxic even in low concentrations.
f Never start the engine or let it run in confined
spaces.
Danger of fire in the area of the hot exhaust
system.
f Do not park or drive your vehicle where
combustible materials, such as dry grass or
leaves, can come into contact with the hot
exhaust system.
f For further information on the emission control
system:
Please observe the chapter “EMISSION
CONTROL SYSTEM” on Page 279.
Starting the vehicle
f Operate footbrake.
f Fully depress and hold the clutch pedal.
f Put gearshift lever into neutral or move
Tiptronic selector lever to the P or N position.
f Do not press the accelerator pedal.
f Turn ignition key to ignition lock position 2.
f Do not operate the starter for longer than
approx. 10 seconds. If necessary, repeat the
starting procedure after a pause of approx.
10 seconds. Turn the ignition key back to the
3 position first.
The first operation of the starter is ended automat-
ically when the engine starts.
If the engine does not start, subsequent starter
operations will not be ended automatically.
f Do not warm up the engine when stationary.
Drive off immediately. Avoid high revolutions
and full throttle until the engine has reached
operating temperature.
f If battery output is insufficient, jump leads can
be used to start the engine. Vehicles with
manual transmission can also be tow-started.
168 Driving and Driving Safety
f For information on jump lead starting:
Please observe the chapter “EXTERNAL
POWER SUPPLY, JUMP LEAD STARTING” on
Page 336.
f For information on tow-starting:
Please observe the chapter “TOW-STARTING/
PUSH-STARTING” on Page 356.
Note on operation
To ensure a good charge condition for the battery
and thus its ability to start the engine, all electrical
accessories which are not required should be
switched off when the ignition is switched on and
when engine revolutions are low (in traffic jams, in
cities or in queues).
Stopping
f Withdraw the ignition key only when the vehicle
is stationary, otherwise the steering lock
engages and the vehicle cannot be steered.
f Only switch the ignition off when the vehicle is
stationary, as there is no steering assistance
and brake boost when the engine is switched
off.
f When leaving the vehicle always withdraw the
ignition key and engage the parking brake.
The control unit always remains in the ignition
lock on vehicles that have Porsche Entry &
Drive.
Note on operation
The vehicle battery discharges if the ignition key is
left inserted.
Radiator fans
Warning!
Risk of injury. After the engine is switched
off, the coolant temperature is monitored for
approx. 30 minutes.
During this period, and depending on
temperature, the fans may continue to run or
start to run.
f The radiators and radiator fans are in the front
of the vehicle. Carry out work in these areas
only with the engine off and exercise extreme
caution.
Driving and Driving Safety 169
Parking brake
The parking brake acts on the rear wheels and
serves to secure the vehicle while parked.
Applying the parking brake
f Press down firmly on the foot pedal.
The warning light in the instrument panel lights
up.
A message will be displayed on the multi-
purpose display of the instrument panel if the
parking brake is not released before moving
off.
f For information on the warning message on
the multi-purpose display: Please observe the
chapter “OVERVIEW OF WARNING MESSAGES”
on Page 151.
Releasing the parking brake
f Press on the footbrake and pull handle A of the
parking brake.
The warning light and the message disappear.
Footbrake
Safety notes!
f Do not obstruct the pedal travel with floor mats
or other objects.
The brake booster is ready for operation only
while the engine is running.
If the engine is switched off or there is a defect in
the brake booster, much greater force has to be
applied to the pedal when braking.
f Vehicles with a faulty brake must not be
towed.
For further information on tow-starting and
towing: Please observe the chapter “TOWING
AND TOW-STARTING” on Page 356.
In heavy rain, while driving through water or after
leaving a car wash, the braking action may be
delayed and increased pressure may be required.
f For this reason, keep further back from the
vehicle in front and “dry” the brakes by
applying them at intervals. Make sure that
following traffic is not affected.
170 Driving and Driving Safety
After a long drive over salted or gritted roads, a
coating may form on the brake discs and pads
that significantly reduces friction and thus braking
action.
f Therefore, clean the brake discs and pads
approx. every 2 weeks with a strong jet of
water. The cleaning effect of automatic car
washes is insufficient.
To prevent corrosion of the brake discs, “brake
them dry” before parking the vehicle.
f Even though the brake discs consist of alloyed
grey cast iron, they will unavoidably start to
corrode if your car is parked for an extended
period. The brakes will tend to “rub” as a
result.
The nature, extent and effects of corrosion
depend on the amount of time the vehicle was
parked, whether road salt or grit was spread
and whether grease-dissolving agents were
used in car washes.
If the braking comfort is noticeably impaired,
we recommend having the brake system
checked by experts.
Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
f To relieve the braking system on downhill
stretches, change down to a lower gear in
good time to obtain engine braking.
If engine braking is insufficient on steep
stretches, operate the footbrake at intervals.
Continuous braking overheats the brakes and
reduces the braking effect.
f For information on brake fluid and checking the
brake fluid level:
Please observe the chapter “CHECKING
BRAKE FLUID LEVEL AND CHANGING BRAKE
FLUID” on Page 273.
Brake pads and brake discs
Wear on the brake pads and brake discs depends
to a great extent on the driving style and the condi-
tions of use and therefore cannot be expressed in
actual miles on the road.
The high-performance brake system is designed
for optimal braking effect at all speeds and
temperatures.
Certain speeds, braking forces and ambient condi-
tions (such as temperature and humidity) therefore
might cause the brakes to squeal.
A warning message will appear on the multi-
purpose display of the instrument panel if the wear
limit of the brake pads is reached.
f For information on the warning message on
the multi-purpose display:
Please observe the chapter “OVERVIEW OF
WARNING MESSAGES” on Page 151.
f Have the brake pads changed immediately.
Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
Warning message
Driving and Driving Safety 171
Brief overview – cruise control
The cruise control maintains any selected
speed between approx. 30 and 240 km/h
(20 and 150 mph) without you having to use
the accelerator.
This brief overview does not replace the informa-
tion provided in the chapter “Cruise control”. In
particular, warnings are not replaced by this brief
overview.
Cruise-control stalk
What do I want to do? What do I have to do?
Storing and maintaining speed
Pull the stalk to detent position 1. Bring the vehicle to the desired speed. Press button A.
Changing stored speed
Acceleration: Press and hold stalk in position 3.
Deceleration: Press and hold stalk in position 4.
Switching off cruise control
Move the stalk to detent position 2 or operate the footbrake.
172 Driving and Driving Safety
A - SET (store speed)
1 - RESUME
(switch on/resume cruise control readiness)
2 - OFF (Interrupt)
3 - + SPEED (accelerate)
4 - – SPEED (decelerate)
Cruise control
The cruise control maintains any selected
speed between approx. 30 and 240 km/h
(20 and 150 mph) without you having to use
the accelerator.
The cruise control is operated with the stalk on
the steering wheel.
Warning!
Risk of accident in heavy traffic, on twisting
roads or under unfavourable road conditions
(e.g. wintry or wet conditions or varying road
surfaces etc.).
f Do not use the cruise control in these
conditions.
Switching cruise control readiness on
f Pull the stalk back to position 1 until you feel it
click into place.
Maintaining and storing speed
f Bring the vehicle to the desired speed with the
accelerator.
f Press button A.
The desired speed has now been stored.
Cruise control readiness
The green indicator light on the tachom-
eter now indicates readiness.
Driving and Driving Safety 173
Accelerating (e.g. to overtake)
Option 1
f Increase speed as usual with the accelerator.
When you ease off the accelerator, the
previously saved value is again set.
Option 2
f Push stalk upwards to position 3 until the
desired speed is reached.
The speed reached is maintained and stored
when the stalk is released.
Option 3
f Briefly push stalk upwards to position 3
(a maximum of 10 times).
The speed is increased by 2 km/h (1 mph)
each time.
Note on operation
Cruise control operation is automatically inter-
rupted if the speed is increased by more than
approx. 25 km/h (16 mph) for longer than
20 seconds.
Decelerating
Option 1
f Push stalk downwards to position 4 until the
desired speed is reached.
The speed reached is maintained and stored
when the stalk is released.
Option 2
f Briefly push stalk downwards to position 4
(a maximum of 10 times).
The speed is reduced by 2 km/h (1 mph) each
time.
Interrupting cruise control operation
The speed driven before the interruption remains
stored in the memory and can be reactivated by
operating the control stalk. Please observe the
chapter “RESUMING THE STORED SPEED” on
Page 174.
f Press stalk forward to position 2
(not engaged) or
f Operate brake or clutch pedal or, on
vehicles with Tiptronic S, shift to selector
lever position N.
f For further information on driving with
Tiptronic S:
Please observe the chapter “TIPTRONIC S” on
Page 176.
Cruise control operation is interrupted
automatically:
– If the set vehicle speed is exceeded by more
than approx. 25 km/h (16 mph) for longer than
20 seconds.
– If the actual vehicle speed falls to approx.
10 km/h (6 mph) below the set vehicle speed
for longer than 5 seconds (e.g. upward
slopes).
– If Porsche Stability Management (PSM) inter-
venes for longer than 0.2 seconds.
– If the Low Range off-road driving programme is
activated.
174 Driving and Driving Safety
A - SET (store speed)
1 - RESUME
(switch on/resume cruise control readiness)
2 - OFF (Interrupt)
3 - + SPEED (accelerate)
4 - – SPEED (decelerate)
Resuming the stored speed
f Pull stalk back to position 1.
Note on operation
The stored speed should be recalled only when
traffic conditions and the road surface permit.
Switching cruise control readiness off
f Press the stalk forward to position 2 until you
feel it click into place.
The memory is cleared and the green readi-
ness light goes out.
The memory is cleared if the ignition is switched
off when the vehicle is parked.
Tip on driving
On upward or downward slopes, the set speed
cannot always be maintained by the cruise control.
f To obtain sufficient engine braking or a better
engine-speed range, you therefore have to
change down to a lower gear.
Driving and Driving Safety 175
Manual transmission, clutch
Warning!
Risk of accident.
f Do not obstruct the pedal travel with floor mats
or other objects.
Floor mats of the correct size and with the appro-
priate fastening are available from your Porsche
partner.
The positions of the gears are shown on the shift
diagram on the gearshift lever.
f When shifting gears, always ensure that the
clutch pedal is fully depressed and the gear
has fully engaged.
f Select reverse only when vehicle is stationary.
f Select an appropriately low gear on upward
and downward slopes.
This will ensure optimum use of engine power
and engine braking.
When reverse gear is selected and the ignition is
on, the reversing lights are lit.
Permitted engine speed
f You should change into a higher gear before
the needle reaches the red mark on the
tachometer, or ease off the accelerator.
If the red zone is reached during acceleration, fuel
feed is interrupted.
Caution!
Risk of engine damage (overrevving) when
shifting down to a lower gear.
f Take care not to exceed the maximum
permitted engine speed when shifting down.
176 Driving and Driving Safety
Tiptronic S
The Porsche Tiptronic is a six-speed transmission
and features an “automatic” and a “manual”
gearshift mode.
In automatic selection mode (selector lever
position D), gear changing is automatic.
You can change temporarily from automatic to
manual mode using the rocker switches on the
steering wheel. depending on the driving
programme.
In manual selection mode (selector lever
position M), you change gear using the rocker
switches on the steering wheel or by pushing the
selector lever forward or back.
You can change between selector lever positions
D and M as you wish while driving.
Note on operation
Take care not to operate the rocker switches on
the steering wheel inadvertently, thereby
triggering undesired gear changes.
Changing the selector lever position
The selector lever is locked when the ignition is
switched off.
The selector lever can be moved from position P
and N only with:
– the ignition switched on,
– the brake pedal pressed and
– the release button pressed (arrow).
Release button
The release button (arrow) on the front side of the
selector lever prevents unintentional gear
changes.
The release button must be pressed when shifting
to position R or P.
The selector lever can no longer be operated in
the event of an electrical fault.
f For information on emergency release of the
blocked selector lever:
Please observe the chapter “SELECTOR
LEVER EMERGENCY OPERATION” on
Page 182.
Starting
The engine can be started only in selector lever
position P or N with the brake pedal pressed.
Moving off
f Select the desired position for moving off
(D, M or R) only when the engine is idling and
whilst depressing the brake pedal.
f Since the vehicle creeps when in gear, do not
release the brake until you want to move off.
f After selecting a gear, do not accelerate until
you can feel that the gear is engaged.
Driving and Driving Safety 177
Selector lever position
Indicator for selector lever position and
engaged gear
When the engine is running, the selector lever
position and engaged gear are indicated.
If there is a fault in the transmission:
– An X appears instead of the current gear
indication on the multi-purpose display of the
instrument panel.
The transmission no longer shifts.
f Have the fault rectified immediately.
Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
Selector lever positions
P – Parking lock
When the selector lever is in position P, the drive
wheels are mechanically locked.
f Engage parking lock only when vehicle is
stationary.
f Engage parking lock after applying the
parking brake and release it before releasing
the parking brake.
f Always apply the parking brake before leaving
the vehicle.
The ignition key can be withdrawn only in selector
lever position P.
R – Reverse gear
f Select reverse only if vehicle is stationary and
the brake is applied.
N – Neutral
Selector lever position N must be selected for
towing or in car washes, for example.
f Select the desired position for moving off
(D, M or R) only when the engine is idling and
whilst depressing the brake pedal.
178 Driving and Driving Safety
D – Automatic selection mode
(in the on-road driving programme)
The functions of selector lever positions D and M
differ in the High Range on-road driving
programme and the Low Range off-road driving
programme.
f Use selector lever position D for “normal”
driving.
The gears are shifted automatically according
to the accelerator position and speed.
Depending on the way the vehicle is driven and on
the resistance (e.g. uphill), the gear-changing
points are shifted towards higher or lower engine-
speed ranges. The accelerator movement, driving
speed, longitudinal and lateral acceleration and
the road profile all have an influence on the gear-
changing characteristic.
When PSM is switched off, the gear-changing
points are shifted towards higher engine-speed
ranges.
Unwanted upward shifts, e.g. before bends, are
prevented by swiftly releasing the accelerator
pedal.
Depending on lateral acceleration, upward
changes on bends are not made until the engine-
speed limit is reached.
Under braking, and depending on the amount of
deceleration, the Tiptronic changes down earlier.
For subsequent cornering, the right gear is
engaged when pressure is applied to the brakes
before the bend.
The bend is taken in a suitable gear. It is not neces-
sary to change down when accelerating out of the
bend.
Moving off
The vehicle moves off in 2nd gear if little throttle
is used. The vehicle moves off in 1st gear when
the throttle is open wider or when the engine is
cold (Cayenne S only).
The vehicle generally moves off in 1st gear when
PSM is switched off or when Sport mode is
switched on.
Shifting gears on the steering wheel
With the rocker switches on the steering wheel,
you can change temporarily from automatic
selection mode D to manual mode M.
Advantages
– Shifting down before bends and on entering
built-up areas.
– Shifting down on downward slopes (engine
braking).
– Shifting down for brief spurts of acceleration.
– Selecting 1st or 2nd gear for moving off.
The manual selection mode remains engaged:
– for cornering (depending on the lateral
acceleration) and overrunning,
– when the vehicle is stationary
(e.g. at a junction).
The system leaves manual selection mode again:
– automatically after around 8 seconds
(unless vehicle is cornering, overrunning or
stationary),
– if you depress the accelerator to kickdown.
Temporary change-down
Precondition
– Speed is higher than approx. 54 km/h
(33 mph).
f Depress accelerator quickly.
Tiptronic temporarily changes to the sportiest
gear-changing map, i.e. to the highest possible
gear-changing points. Correspondingly, the
transmission shifts down immediately by one,
two or three gears.
Ending the function
f Release the accelerator markedly
(by approx. 25 %).
Driving and Driving Safety 179
Kickdown
The kickdown function is active in selector lever
position D.
f For optimum acceleration, e.g. when
overtaking, depress the accelerator pedal
beyond the full-throttle point (kickdown).
The transmission shifts down depending on the
speed of travel and engine speed.
Upward shifts occur at the highest possible engine
speeds.
These gear-changing speeds remain active until
the accelerator is released to approx. 80 % of the
full-throttle position.
D – Automatic selection mode
(in the off-road driving programme with
reduction)
The functions of selector lever positions D and M
differ in the High Range on-road driving
programme and the Low Range off-road driving
programme.
f Use selector lever position D for “normal”
driving.
The gears are shifted automatically according
to the accelerator position and speed.
The gear-changing points are chosen to achieve
the best possible vehicle control on difficult
terrain.
Depending on the route profile, the gear-changing
points are shifted towards higher or lower engine-
speed ranges. On steep downhill stretches,
upward shifts are prevented until medium engine
speeds are reached (at least 2,500 rpm).
When the vehicle is overrunning, an automatic
upshift does not occur when the engine speed
limit is reached.
Moving off
The vehicle moves off in 1st gear.
Shifting gears on the steering wheel
With the rocker switches on the steering wheel,
you can change temporarily from automatic
selection mode D to manual mode M.
Advantages
– Shifting down on downward slopes (engine
braking).
– Shifting down for brief spurts of acceleration.
– Selecting 1st, 2nd or 3rd gear for moving off.
The manual selection mode remains engaged:
– for overrunning,
– depending on lateral acceleration,
– when the vehicle is stationary
(e.g. at a junction).
The system leaves manual selection mode again:
– automatically after around 8 seconds
(unless vehicle is subject to high lateral
acceleration, overrunning or is stationary),
– if you depress the accelerator to kickdown.
Kickdown
The kickdown function is active in selector lever
position D.
f For optimum acceleration, e.g. when
overtaking, depress the accelerator pedal
beyond the full-throttle point (kickdown).
The transmission shifts down depending on the
speed of travel and engine speed.
Upward shifts occur at the highest possible engine
speeds.
These gear-changing speeds remain active until
the accelerator is released to approx. 80 % of the
full-throttle position.
Tip on driving
Unlike in the on-road driving programme, an
automatic upshift is not performed in manual
selection mode M when the engine-speed limit is
reached.
180 Driving and Driving Safety
M – Manual selection mode
(in the on-road driving programme)
The functions of selector lever positions D and M
differ in the High Range on-road driving
programme and the Low Range off-road driving
programme.
The currently selected gear is retained if you
change from D to M.
If you change from M to D, the gear-changing map
suitable for your current driving style is selected
and the appropriate gear is selected.
Tip on driving
The kickdown function is not active in selector
lever position M.
The kickdown function cannot be used to
downshift in selector lever position M. When
accelerating (e.g. to overtake), you must there-
fore change down manually.
Shifting up
f Press upper part (+) of a rocker switch A or
f Push selector lever B forward in the M gate.
Shifting down
f Press lower part (–) of a rocker switch A or
f Push selector lever B back in the M gate.
Depending on driving speed and engine speed,
you can shift up or down at any time. However,
gear changes which would exceed the upper or
lower engine-speed limit are not executed by the
control unit.
You can change down two gears by quickly
pressing the rocker switches A or selector lever B
twice.
If PSM is active and the engine-speed limit is
reached, an automatic upward shift is performed
or, just before idling speed is reached, a
downward shift is performed.
f Select an appropriately low gear on upward
and downward slopes.
This will ensure optimum use of engine power
and engine braking.
If manual mode fails, the control electronics
switches to automatic mode.
In this event, the instrument panel will display
selector lever position D.
f Have the fault remedied. Consult a qualified
specialist workshop. We recommend that you
use a Porsche partner for this work since
these are staffed with trained personnel and
have the necessary parts and tools.
Driving and Driving Safety 181
M - Manual selection mode
(in the off-road driving programme)
The functions of selector lever positions D and M
differ in the High Range on-road driving
programme and the Low Range off-road driving
programme.
The currently selected gear is retained if you
change from D to M.
If you change from M to D, the gear-changing map
suitable for your current driving style is selected
and the appropriate gear is selected.
Tip on driving
The kickdown function is not active in selector
lever position M. Unlike in the on-road driving
programme, an automatic upshift is not
performed when the engine-speed limit is
reached.
Shifting up
f Press upper part (+) of a rocker switch A or
f Push selector lever B forward in the M gate.
Shifting down
f Press lower part (–) of a rocker switch A or
f Push selector lever B back in the M gate.
Depending on driving speed and engine speed,
you can shift up or down at any time. However,
gear changes which would exceed the upper or
lower engine-speed limit are not executed by the
control unit.
You can change down two gears by quickly
pressing the rocker switches A or selector lever B
twice.
The gear is changed down automatically just
before idle speed is reached.
f Select an appropriately low gear on upward
and downward slopes.
This will ensure optimum use of engine power
and engine braking.
If manual mode fails, the control electronics
switches to automatic mode. In this event, the
instrument panel will display selector lever
position D.
f Have the fault remedied. Consult a qualified
specialist workshop. We recommend that you
use a Porsche partner for this work since
these are staffed with trained personnel and
have the necessary parts and tools.
Stopping
f For a brief stop (e.g. at a traffic light), leave the
selector lever in drive position and hold the
vehicle with the brake pedal.
f Do not hold the car on a slope using the
accelerator. Use the brake pedal or the
parking brake instead.
f Before leaving the vehicle, always apply the
parking brake and move the selector lever to
position P.
Tip on driving
In selector lever positions D and M, the hillholder
function makes it easier to move off from a stand-
still on an upward slope when the engine is
running. The driver does not have to apply the
brake.
f For information on using the hillholder function:
Please observe the chapter “HILLHOLDER –
MOVING-OFF ASSISTANT ON VEHICLES WITH
TIPTRONIC S” on Page 199.
182 Driving and Driving Safety
Parking
f Go easy on the accelerator.
f When parking or manoeuvring in a small
space, control the speed by careful use of the
footbrake.
Driving in winter
In wintry road conditions it is advisable to take
steep inclines in manual mode M. This prevents
the occurrence of gear changes that could cause
wheelspin.
Reduced driving programme
If there is a fault in the transmission:
– An X appears instead of the current gear
indication on the multi-purpose display of the
instrument panel.
The transmission no longer shifts.
f Have the fault remedied. Consult a qualified
specialist workshop. We recommend that you
use a Porsche partner for this work since
these are staffed with trained personnel and
have the necessary parts and tools.
Warning!
Risk of accident and damage.
Reverse-lock monitoring does not function in
the reduced driving programme.
f Do not select position R while driving.
Tip on driving
3rd or 5th gear in selector position D and reverse
gear R are now available and will allow you to
reach the nearest qualified workshop.
f Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
Selector lever emergency operation
In the event of an electrical fault, the selector
lever lock in position P can be manually released
(e.g. for towing the vehicle).
1. Fold up armrest.
2. Remove key B from the lower oddments tray
(underneath the rubber mat) in the centre
console.
Driving and Driving Safety 183
3. Undo screws A with key B.
4. Remove trim mounting F.
5. Lift trim C at rear and carefully pull it off.
6. Unplug plug connection D. 7. Press foam aside.
8. Press locking lever E aside (to the left) using a
suitable object.
9. Move selector lever to position N.
10.Reassemble in reverse order.
184 Driving and Driving Safety
Driving programmes for on-road
and off-road driving
Two different driving programmes with special
power-transmission and running-gear control
systems (such as ABS, off-road ABS and PSM,
etc.) are provided in your Porsche with the aim of
realising the best possible driving dynamics
combined with maximum safety on the road.
All control systems meet these requirements for
both off-road and on-road driving.
With rocker switch A, you can easily select the
appropriate driving programme to suit the special
requirements for the respective terrain.
Low Range off-road programme
(with reduction)
When the Low Range off-road driving programme
is active, the power transmission and running-gear
control systems are automatically adapted to the
requirements for off-road driving.
High Range on-road driving programme
(without reduction)
When the High Range on-road driving programme
is active, the power transmission and running-gear
control systems are automatically adapted to the
requirements for on-road driving.
Operation and use
The rocker switch A is located in the centre
console of the vehicle. It features a multi-step
function and can be operated in both directions.
Each time the rocker switch is pushed forward,
the vehicle becomes one step more suitable for
off-road driving. This is realised by changing from
the on-road driving programme to the off-road
programme or by engaging the differential locks in
stages.
The number of differential locks that can be
engaged in the Low Range driving programme
depends on the equipment of your vehicle.
Each time the rocker switch is pushed back, the
vehicle becomes one step more suitable for on-
road driving.
Once the driving programme has been selected,
the rocker switch springs back to home position.
Notes on operation
If the Low Range indicator light next to the rocker
switch flashes rapidly after the ignition is
switched on, there is a fault in the shifting
system.
f Have the vehicle checked immediately.
Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
Driving and Driving Safety 185
If the Low Range indicator light next to the rocker
switch flashes when you attempt to operate
rocker switch A, then at least one condition for
shifting has not been met:
Vehicles with manual transmission
– Vehicle is not stationary.
– Brake is not pressed.
– Gearshift lever in not in neutral.
Vehicles with Tiptronic S
– Vehicle has exceeded or gone below the limit
speed.
– Tiptronic selector lever is not in position N.
A - Rocker switch
B - Low Range is engaged
Changing from on-road driving
programme to off-road driving
programme
Vehicles with manual transmission
f Stop the vehicle.
f Apply the brake.
f Put the gearshift lever in neutral.
f Push rocker switch A forward until activation of
the off-road driving programme is indicated on
the multi-purpose display of the instrument
panel and by illumination of light-emitting
diode B.
The Low Range indicator light on the instru-
ment panel and the light-emitting diode B next
to the rocker switch flash several times
during the shifting process.
Low Range is now engaged.
Caution!
Risk of engine damage (overrevving). In the
Low Range programme, the gear-shifting
points are shifted towards lower engine-
speed ranges.
f Shift early to prevent overrevving the engine.
Low Range indicator light
186 Driving and Driving Safety
Vehicles with Tiptronic S
f Reduce speed to below 15 km/h (9 mph) or
stop vehicle.
f Move Tiptronic selector lever to position N.
f Push rocker switch A forward until activation of
the off-road driving programme is indicated on
the multi-purpose display of the instrument
panel and by illumination of light-emitting
diode B.
The Low Range indicator light on the instru-
ment panel and the light-emitting diode B next
to the rocker switch flash several times
during the shifting process.
Low Range is now engaged.
Danger!
The Tiptronic selector lever is blocked during
shifting. Shifting when driving uphill can
cause the vehicle to stand still or even roll
backwards as long as the shift operation has
not been completed. When driving downhill,
the vehicle can accelerate unintentionally
while shifting.
f Increased brake readiness is required.
A - Rocker switch
B - Low Range is engaged
C - Centre differential lock is fully engaged
Fully engaging the centre differential lock
in Low Range
Tip on driving
When the centre differential lock is fully engaged,
there is no longer any speed difference between
the front and rear axles. If, for example, both
wheels on the front axle lose traction on an icy
road or soft surface, the rigid drive-through
function will permit the vehicle to continue moving
nevertheless.
f Push rocker switch A forwards in stages until
engagement of the centre differential lock is
indicated on the multi-purpose display of the
instrument panel and by illumination of the two
light-emitting diodes B and C.
The centre differential lock is changed over to
fully engaged state by the automatic control
system.
Driving and Driving Safety 187
A - Rocker switch
B - Low Range is engaged
C - Centre differential lock is fully engaged
D - Rear differential lock is fully engaged
Fully engaging the rear differential lock in
Low Range
Tip on driving
When the rear differential lock is fully engaged,
there is no longer any speed difference between
the two rear wheels. If, for example, one drive
wheel on the rear axle loses traction on an icy road
or soft surface, the rigid drive-through function will
permit the vehicle to continue moving neverthe-
less.
f Push rocker switch A forwards in stages until
engagement of the rear differential lock is
indicated on the multi-purpose display of the
instrument panel and by illumination of the
three light-emitting diodes B, C and D.
The centre and rear differential locks are
changed over to fully engaged state by the
automatic control system.
Note on operation
The rear differential lock can be engaged only
while the engine is running.
188 Driving and Driving Safety
Changing from off-road driving
programme to on-road driving
programme
Vehicles with manual transmission
f Stop the vehicle.
f Apply the brake.
f Put the gearshift lever in neutral.
f Pull rocker switch A back in stages until light-
emitting diodes B, C and, where appro-
priate, D are out.
The Low Range indicator light on the instru-
ment panel and the light-emitting diode B next
to the rocker switch flash several times
during the shifting process.
High Range is now engaged.
Vehicles with Tiptronic S
f Reduce speed to below 30 km/h (19 mph) or
stop vehicle.
f Move Tiptronic selector lever to position N.
f Pull rocker switch A back in stages until light-
emitting diodes B, C and, where appro-
priate, D are out.
The Low Range indicator light on the instru-
ment panel and the light-emitting diode B next
to the rocker switch flash several times
during the shifting process.
High Range is now engaged.
Danger!
The Tiptronic selector lever is blocked during
shifting. Shifting when driving uphill can
cause the vehicle to stand still or even roll
backwards as long as the shift operation has
not been completed. When driving downhill,
the vehicle can accelerate unintentionally
while shifting.
f Increased brake readiness is required.
Sport Mode
Function
The sports exhaust system is switched on and a
sportier car set-up is obtained when Sport mode
is switched on.
Interventions by the Porsche control systems are
intentionally shifted towards greater agility and
driving performance.
– PASM (Porsche Active Suspension Manage-
ment) is automatically changed to Sport mode,
resulting in a stiffer suspension setup.
Driving and Driving Safety 189
– PDCC (Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control) is
automatically set to Sport mode, and this
further reduces the roll tendency of the
vehicle.
– The air suspension automatically changes to
the low level setting.
– The Tiptronic S transmission changes to a
sportier shift strategy.
The gear-changing points are shifted to higher
speed ranges. Upward shifts are initiated later,
and deceleration shifts are performed earlier.
The vehicle moves off in 1st gear.
– The electronic accelerator pedal reacts
sooner, and the engine is more responsive to
throttle inputs.
– Sporty engine tuning is activated.
f For further information:
Please observe the chapter “PORSCHE ACTIVE
SUSPENSION MANAGEMENT (PASM)” on
Page 206.
Please observe the chapter “PORSCHE
DYNAMIC CHASSIS CONTROL (PDCC)” on
Page 207.
Switching Sport mode on and off
Sport mode can be activated when the ignition is
switched on and when the on-road driving
programme High Range (without reduction) is
selected.
f Press SPORT button E in the centre console.
When Sport mode is switched on, the light-
emitting diode F in the SPORT button is lit.
When Sport mode is switched on, the logo SPORT
appears on the multi-purpose display.
After the ignition is switched off, Sport mode is
automatically reset to Normal mode.
Warning messages
A warning appears on the multi-purpose display of
the instrument panel in the event of a fault.
f For information on warning messages on the
multi-purpose display:
Please observe the chapter “OVERVIEW OF
WARNING MESSAGES” on Page 151.
Vehicles with air suspension
If you wish to use the characteristics of Sport
mode and the sports exhaust system, but would
like a more comfortable running-gear setup, you
can:
– switch PASM and PDCC separately to Normal
or Comfort mode and/or
– raise the ride height of the vehicle.
f Press the corresponding PASM button in the
centre console. The light-emitting diode in the
button of the selected running-gear setup
lights up.
In addition, the selected running-gear setup is
shown on the multi-purpose display of the
instrument panel for approx. 12 seconds.
Please observe the chapter “PORSCHE ACTIVE
SUSPENSION MANAGEMENT (PASM)” on
Page 206.
Please observe the chapter “PORSCHE
DYNAMIC CHASSIS CONTROL (PDCC)” on
Page 207.
f Press the rocker switch in the centre console
forward. The corresponding light-emitting
diode next to the rocker switch lights up contin-
uously after the adjustment process. The level
change is also indicated on the multi-purpose
display of the instrument panel.
Please observe the chapter “AIR SUSPENSION
WITH LEVEL CONTROL AND HEIGHT ADJUST-
MENT” on Page 202.
190 Driving and Driving Safety
Power-transmission and running-gear control systems
A complex network of all control systems acting in power transmission and in the running gear has been realised in your Porsche.
All control systems are networked with the aim of combining the best possible driving performance with maximum safety.
The following systems are involved:
System/designation Scope
PTM
Porsche Traction Management
– Full-time all-wheel drive
– Electronically controlled centre differential lock
– Automatic brake differential (ABD)
– Traction control system (TCS)
– Reduction gear/Low Range
PTM Plus
Porsche Traction Management
In addition to the PTM features, PTM Plus also includes:
– Electronically controlled rear differential lock
PSM
Porsche Stability Management
– Stability management system
– Anti-lock brake system (ABS)
– Brake system prefilling
– Brake booster
– Traction control system (TCS)
– Automatic brake differential (ABD)
– Engine drag torque control (MSR)
Air suspension
with level control and height adjustment
– Full load bearing air spring struts with integral shock absorbers
– Air supply system with pressure accumulator
PASM
Porsche Active Suspension Management
– Shock absorber system with adaptive, continuous shock absorber control
PDCC
Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control
– Active chassis control system to stabilise roll tendency of vehicle body when driving
Driving and Driving Safety 191
Porsche Traction Management (PTM)
Porsche Traction Management is a full-time all-
wheel control system designed to influence the
longitudinal and lateral dynamics. It is closely
linked with the Porsche Stability Management
(PSM) control system.
PTM ensures the best possible power distribution
to the four driven wheels at the front and rear
axles. The system realises this optimal traction by
intervening in the lock control function of the
transfer box and rear differential. PTM is active at
all times and, unlike PSM, cannot be switched off.
Advantages of PTM
– Obvious improvement in traction, driving
stability and steering ability of the vehicle.
– Vehicle is more manageable when driven at its
performance limits.
– Improved straight-ahead tracking and stability.
– The above features allow for a sportier setup
of the running gear.
– TCS and ABD further enhance traction for all
wheels.
Safety notes!
In spite of the advantages of PTM, it is still the
driver’s responsibility to adapt his driving style and
manoeuvres in line with road and weather condi-
tions, as well as the traffic situation.
The increased safety that is provided should not
induce you to take greater risks with your safety.
The limits set by the physics of driving cannot be
overcome, even with PTM.
Risks of accident due to inappropriate speed
cannot be reduced by PTM.
Full-time all-wheel drive
With the four-wheel drive, the drive power is
variably distributed to the front and rear wheels.
Power distribution and wheel speed compensation
between the front and rear axles is realised with a
transfer box.
Distribution of the drive power depends on the
wheel speed difference between the two axles.
The transfer box always controls power distribu-
tion in such a way that optimal propulsion is
achieved, even on an unfavourable road surface.
Full-time all-wheel drive ensures optimum handling
and a high level of driving stability.
Safety notes!
In spite of the advantages of four-wheel drive, it is
still the driver’s responsibility to adapt his driving
style and manoeuvres in line with road and
weather conditions, as well as the traffic situation.
The increased safety that is provided should not
induce you to take greater risks with your safety.
The limits set by the physics of driving cannot be
overcome, even with four-wheel drive.
Risks of accident due to inappropriate speed
cannot be reduced by four-wheel drive.
192 Driving and Driving Safety
Automatic brake differential (ABD)
The ABD system controls the front and rear axles
separately. If one wheel of an axle starts to spin,
it is braked so that the other wheel on the same
axle can be driven.
ABD recognises different driving states, and it
features control strategies adapted to these
states. In situations in which little propulsive power
is required, such as when the vehicle moves off on
a level gravel surface, traction control already
becomes active at low engine speeds. If a large
amount of propulsive power is required, such as
when moving off on an uphill slope or for rapid
acceleration, the ABD system is adapted accord-
ingly.
A special off-road driving programme is used in
Low Range mode.
Traction control system (TCS)
The traction control system prevents the wheels
from spinning by adjusting the engine power,
thereby ensuring good lane-holding ability and
stable handling.
Porsche Stability Management (PSM)
PSM is an active control system for stabilisation of
the vehicle during extreme driving manoeuvres. It
is networked with the Porsche Traction Manage-
ment (PTM) system.
PSM makes use of both the ABD and TCS
systems, as well as the known functions of the
anti-lock brake system (ABS) and engine drag
torque control system (MSR).
Safety notes!
In spite of the advantages of PSM, it is still the
driver’s responsibility to adapt his driving style and
manoeuvres in line with road and weather condi-
tions, as well as the traffic situation.
The increased safety that is provided should not
induce you to take greater risks with your safety.
The limits set by the physics of driving cannot be
overcome, even with PSM.
Risks of accident due to inappropriate speed
cannot be reduced by PSM.
Advantages of PSM
– Best possible traction and lane-holding ability
in all driving situations – even on road surfaces
with varying friction.
– The system compensates for undesired
vehicle reactions (Ferraria effect) when the
driver releases the accelerator pedal or brakes
on bends. This compensation functions up to
the maximum lateral acceleration.
– PSM actively stabilises the vehicle as required
during dynamic driving manoeuvres (e.g. rapid
steering movements, during lane changes or
on alternating bends).
– Improved braking stability on bends and on
different or varying road surfaces.
– Improved brake functioning and reduced
stopping distance in the event of emergency
braking.
Driving and Driving Safety 193
Readiness for operation
PSM is switched on automatically every time you
start the engine.
Function
Sensors at the wheels, brakes, steering system
and engine continuously measure:
– Speed
– Direction of travel (steering angle)
– Lateral acceleration
– Longitudinal acceleration
– Rate of turn about the vertical axis
PSM uses these values to determine the direction
of travel desired by the driver.
PSM intervenes and corrects the course if the
actual direction of motion deviates from the
desired course (steering-wheel position):
It brakes individual wheels as needed. If neces-
sary, PSM additionally influences the engine power
or the gear-changing characteristic of Tiptronic in
order to stabilise the vehicle.
The events below inform the driver of PSM control
operations and warn him to adapt his driving style
to the road conditions:
– The multi-functional information light on the
instrument panel flashes.
– Light in the PSM Off button flashes.
– Hydraulic noises can be heard.
– The vehicle decelerates and steering-wheel
forces are altered as PSM controls the brakes.
– Reduced engine power.
– The brake pedal vibrates and its position is
changed during braking.
In order to achieve full vehicle deceleration,
foot pressure must be increased after the
brake pedal has begun vibrating.
Examples of PSM control operations
– If the front wheels of the vehicle drift on a
bend, the engine power is reduced and the
rear wheel on the inside of the bend is braked
if necessary.
– If the rear of the vehicle swings out on a bend,
the front wheel on the outside of the bend is
braked.
– Brake system prefilling:
The brake system is prepared for possible
subsequent emergency braking if the acceler-
ator pedal is released suddenly and quickly.
The brake system is prefilled and the brake
pads are already applied gently to the brake
discs.
– Brake booster:
In the event of an emergency braking operation
where the pedal force is insufficient, a brake
booster provides the braking pressure neces-
sary for maximum deceleration at all 4 wheels.
Combined operation of PSM and PTM/PTM
Plus
In order to ensure optimum stabilisation of the
vehicle, the centre differential lock (PTM) and
where appropriate also the rear differential lock
(PTM Plus) are also opened when PSM interven-
tions occur.
Tip on driving
When PSM is switched off, wheel-specific brake
interventions and the traction control system
(TCS) are also inactive.
The automatic brake differential (ABD) remains on.
194 Driving and Driving Safety
Off-road PSM
(PSM in Low Range off-road programme)
When the Low Range off-road driving programme
is active, an off-road PSM specially matched to off-
road driving is activated to enhance traction.
In order to improve driveability on difficult terrain,
the response of the off-road PSM is less sensitive
in the low speed range when the vehicle is
operated in the Low Range off-road driving
programme.
If the brakes are highly stressed, the automatic
brake differential (ABD) switches itself off to
protect the brakes. It remains deactivated until the
brake system has cooled sufficiently again.
Engine drag torque control (MSR)
In conditions of excessive slip, the engine drag
torque control system prevents all driven wheels
locking up when the vehicle is overrunning. This is
also the case for downshifts on a slippery road.
Switching off PSM
f Press PSM OFF button A.
PSM is switched off after a short delay.
The light-emitting diode in the button is lit up.
When PSM is switched off, the multi-functional
PSM light on the instrument panel lights up
and a message appears on the multi-purpose
display of the instrument panel.
During braking, the vehicle is stabilised even
when PSM is switched off.
One-sided spinning of the wheels is prevented,
even with PSM switched off.
PSM should always be switched on during
“normal” driving.
However, it may be advantageous to switch off
PSM temporarily in exceptional situations:
– On a loose surface and in deep snow,
– When “rocking the vehicle free” and
– When using snow chains.
Tiptronic vehicles: When PSM is switched off,
the slip monitoring function of Tiptronic is also
deactivated.
Driving and Driving Safety 195
– The multi-functional light on the instrument
panel lights up for a lamp check when the
ignition is switched on.
– The light indicates a control operation,
including when PSM is switched off (brake
control in the event of one-sided wheel spin).
– In conjunction with the multi-purpose display on
the instrument panel, the light indicates that
PSM is switched off.
– Faults are displayed by the light in conjunction
with the multi-purpose display of the instru-
ment panel.
PSM is out of order.
f Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
Collapsible spare wheel
f Never switch off PSM when driving with a
collapsible spare wheel.
Towing
f For information on towing:
Please observe the chapter “TOWING AND
TOW-STARTING” on Page 356.
Tip on driving
When PSM is switched off, wheel-specific brake
interventions and the traction control system
(TCS) are also inactive.
The automatic brake differential (ABD) remains on.
Switching PSM back on
f Press PSM OFF button A.
PSM is switched on after a short delay.
The light-emitting diode in the button and the
multi-functional PSM light on the instrument
panel go out.
A message is shown on the multi-purpose
display of the instrument panel.
Multifunctional PSM light
196 Driving and Driving Safety
Vehicle-trailer combination stabilisation
(depending on country-specific vehicle equipment)
Vehicle-trailer combination stabilisation is an
assistance function for driving with trailers as part
of Porsche Stability Management (PSM).
Vehicle-trailer combination stabilisation detects
snaking of the vehicle-trailer combination.
If such critical driving situations are detected, the
vehicle-trailer combination stabilisation function
brakes the vehicle until the combination is stabi-
lised.
The vehicle-trailer combination cannot be stabi-
lised in all driving situations. Slippery roads or a
loose surface can cause the trailer to jackknife,
for example. Trailers with a high centre of gravity
can tip over.
f Steer carefully during the control process.
f For further information on driving with a trailer:
Please observe the chapter “DRIVING WITH A
TRAILER” on Page 244.
Danger!
Risk of accident.
In spite of the advantages of vehicle-trailer
combination stabilisation, it is still the
driver’s responsibility to adapt his driving
style and manoeuvres in line with road and
weather conditions, as well as the traffic
situation.
The increased safety that is provided should
not induce you to take greater risks with your
safety. The limits set by the physics of driving
cannot be overcome, even with vehicle-
trailer combination stabilisation.
Risks of accident due to inappropriate speed
cannot be reduced by vehicle-trailer combi-
nation stabilisation.
Risk of accident.
The vehicle-trailer combination cannot be
stabilised if the trailer jackknifes (e.g. on
slippery roads or on loose surfaces).
f Adjust your driving style to the road conditions.
Risk of accident.
Trailers with a high centre of gravity can tip
over.
f Adjust your driving style.
Risk of accident.
Excessive speed under the prevailing driving
conditions can lead to loss of control of the
vehicle-trailer combination.
f When using the vehicle with a trailer, drive at a
speed appropriate to road and traffic condi-
tions, as well as adjusted to the loading situa-
tion.
f Never exceed a speed of 80 km/h
(50 mph).
Driving and Driving Safety 197
Preconditions
– Trailer plug is plugged in,
– The trailer is in perfect technical condition.
Readiness for operation
– Vehicle-trailer combination stabilisation is
active when PSM is switched on.
f Observe country-specific laws for driving with
trailers.
Notes on operation
– Vehicle-trailer combination stabilisation is
switched off when PSM is switched off.
– When the brake pedal is pressed, vehicle-
trailer combination stabilisation is active even
if PSM is switched off.
– On vehicles with electrically folding trailer
hitch, the hitch must be fully extended and in
its end position.
198 Driving and Driving Safety
ABS brake system
(anti-lock brake system)
Safety notes!
In spite of the advantages of ABS, it is still the
driver’s responsibility to adapt his driving style and
manoeuvres in line with road and weather condi-
tions, as well as the traffic situation.
The increased safety that is provided should not
induce you to take greater risks with your safety.
The limits set by the physics of driving cannot be
overcome, even with ABS.
Risks of accident due to inappropriate speed
cannot be reduced by ABS.
ABS ensures
– Full steering control
The vehicle remains steerable
– Good driving stability
No skidding due to locked wheels
– Optimum braking distance
Shorter stopping distances in most cases
– Prevention of wheel locking
No flat spots on the tyres
Function
The decisive advantage of ABS is in the driving
stability and manoeuvrability of the vehicle in
hazardous situations.
The ABS prevents locking of the wheels during full
braking, on almost all road surfaces, until shortly
before the vehicle stops.
The ABS begins to control the braking process as
soon as a wheel shows a tendency to lock.
This controlled braking process is comparable
with extremely rapid cadence braking.
The pulsating brake pedal and a “juddering noise”
warn the driver to adapt his driving speed to the
road conditions.
f If full braking is necessary, fully depress the
brake pedal during the whole braking opera-
tion, even though the pedal is pulsating. Do not
reduce the braking pressure.
If the ABS warning lights light up on the instrument
panel and on the multi-purpose display of the
instrument panel while the engine is running, ABS
has switched off because of a fault.
In this case, the braking system will operate
without lock prevention, as in vehicles without
ABS.
f Adapt your driving style to the changed
braking behaviour.
The ABS system must be checked immediately
in order to prevent the occurrence of further
faults with effects which cannot be defined.
Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
The ABS control unit is adjusted for the approved
tyre dimensions.
The use of tyres with non-approved dimensions
can lead to different wheel speeds, causing ABS
to switch off.
Warning light
Driving and Driving Safety 199
Off-road ABS
(ABS in Low Range off-road programme)
When the Low Range off-road driving programme
is active, an ABS configuration specially matched
to off-road driving is activated automatically.
In the event of braking on loose ground, the
permissible slip values for ABS braking are
increased so that the off-road braking distance is
reduced (wheels dig into the surface).
If the driver needs to steer, this off-road driving
programme is automatically switched off to
maintain steerability.
Hillholder –
moving-off assistant on vehicles with
Tiptronic S
In Tiptronic selector lever positions D and M, the
hillholder function makes it easier to move off
from a stand-still on an upward slope when the
engine is running. The driver does not have to
apply the brake.
The hillholder function is not active:
– In Tiptronic selector lever positions N and R,
– In the reduced driving programme and
– If not all of the wheels are touching the ground
(on difficult terrain, for example).
f For further information on moving off with the
hillholder function on vehicles with Tiptronic S:
Please observe the chapter “STOPPING” on
Page 181.
Safety notes!
In spite of the advantages of the hillholder
function, it is still the driver’s responsibility to
adapt his driving style and manoeuvres in line with
the prevailing conditions.
The increased safety that is provided should not
induce you to take greater risks with your safety.
The limits set by the physics of driving cannot be
overcome, even with the hillholder function.
Driving in limit situations should be avoided, e.g.
on icy slopes or on slippery surfaces. Assistance
by the hillholder is not guaranteed in these and
similar cases.
200 Driving and Driving Safety
Porsche Drive-Off Assistant –
Moving-off assistant on vehicles with
manual transmission
The Porsche Drive-Off Assistant is an assistance
function which helps the driver move off on
upward slopes. The vehicle must have sufficient
road contact.
The Porsche Drive-Off Assistant is available for
slopes with a gradient as from around 5 %.
Danger!
Risk of accident.
Assistance by the Porsche Drive-
Off Assistant is not guaranteed when moving
off on a slippery surface (e.g. on icy or loose
surfaces). In this case, the vehicle could slip.
The limits set by the physics of driving cannot
be overcome, even with the Porsche Drive-
Off Assistant. The responsibility for moving
off on upward slopes is still the driver’s
despite the Porsche Drive-Off Assistant.
f Always adjust your driving style to the driving
conditions and vehicle load, use the footbrake
if necessary.
Moving off with Porsche Drive-Off Assistant
1. Hold the vehicle securely on the slope with the
footbrake or parking brake.
The engine must be running.
2. Fully depress the clutch pedal.
3. Engage a gear corresponding to the direction
of travel up the slope (1st gear or reverse
gear).
4. While keeping the clutch pedal depressed,
release the footbrake or foot-operated parking
brake.
The vehicle is held on the slope.
5. Move off as usual.
Note on operation
The Porsche Drive-Off Assistant is not active:
– In the event of shift to neutral.
– When changing gears.
– If the engine is not running.
Danger!
Risk of accident.
If the Porsche Drive-Off Assistant is not
active, the vehicle will no longer be held on
the slope.
f Hold the vehicle with the footbrake.
Driving and Driving Safety 201
Engine Braking Support
(assistance when driving downhill)
The Engine Braking Support system is an assist-
ance system which helps the driver when driving
slowly downhill at speeds up to approx. 20 km/h
(12 mph), e.g. on steep slopes or on wintry
mountain roads.
Engine Braking Support is active and brakes the
vehicle as long as the accelerator is not used
when travelling downhill.
If road grip is lost on one or more wheels, the
system brakes the wheels which have good road
contact.
Like all brakes, the braking ability of the Engine
Braking Support system is impaired by slippery
surfaces (e.g. on icy or loose surfaces).
Warning!
Risk of accident. Reduced braking ability on
a slippery surface.
f Always adjust your driving style to the driving
situation.
Preconditions:
– The accelerator must not be used when travel-
ling downhill.
– The speed must not exceed approx. 20 km/h
(12 mph).
– Vehicles with Tiptronic S: Tiptronic selector
lever position D, M or R must be engaged.
– Vehicles with manual transmission: A gear
must be engaged (1st – 6th or R). The clutch
pedal must not be used when travelling
downhill.
Tip on driving
The Engine Braking Support system is active when
driving downhill either forwards or backwards.
Checks on test stands
Brake tests
Brake tests must be carried out only in the High
Range on-road driving programme and on plate-
type or roller test stands.
The following limit values must not be exceeded
on roller test stands:
– Test speed 7.5 km/h (4.7 mph)
– Test duration 20 seconds
Parking brake test
Parking brake tests on the brake test stand must
be performed only with the ignition switched off
and with the Tiptronic selector lever in position N
or with the gearshift lever in neutral position.
Balancing wheels on the vehicle
During finish balancing of the wheels, the entire
vehicle must be lifted and the wheels must be free
to turn.
202 Driving and Driving Safety
Air suspension with level control
and height adjustment
On vehicles with air suspension, the driver can set
five different levels.
The preselected level is automatically adapted to
suit the vehicle speed.
The height of the vehicle is automatically kept
constant when the vehicle is loaded.
Tip on driving
It is not permissible to drive on public roads with
the vehicle in the off-road or special terrain
setting.
Note on operation
Frequent level changes can cause the compressor
to overheat. In this case, the compressor must
cool for several minutes before level adjustment is
fully functional again.
Normal level
The ground clearance at normal level is approx.
215 mm.
Off-road level
This level is intended for off-road driving, field
paths and forest paths, etc.
The vehicle is raised by around 26 mm compared
with normal level.
Off-road level can be selected only manually at
speeds below approx. 80 km/h (50 mph).
The vehicle is automatically lowered to normal
level at speeds exceeding approx. 80 km/h
(50 mph).
The vehicle is automatically raised to off-road level
when the Low Range driving programme is
selected.
This setting is intended only for extremely
challenging terrain requiring maximum ground
clearance. The vehicle is raised by approx.
56 mm compared with normal level.
The warning light on the instrument panel lights up
when special terrain level has been reached.
Special terrain level can be selected only at
speeds below around 30 km/h (19 mph).
The vehicle is automatically lowered to off-road
level at speeds exceeding approx. 30 km/h
(19 mph).
Low level
This level is intended for high-speed driving.
The vehicle is automatically lowered by approx.
24 mm compared with normal level above speeds
of around 125 km/h (78 mph).
The level is automatically raised to normal level if
the speed drops to below around 40 km/h
(25 mph).
Note
If low level was set with the rocker switch in the
centre console, low level also remains active at
speeds below approx. 40 km/h (25 mph).
Special terrain level
Driving and Driving Safety 203
Loading level
Caution!
Risk of damage to running-gear parts,
assemblies and the vehicle underbody.
The vehicle may bottom when driven down from
kerbs, for example, if the ground clearance is
insufficient at loading level.
f Always switch to normal level before moving
off.
This setting makes it easier for you to load the
luggage compartment.
The vehicle is lowered by around 54 mm
compared with normal level.
The vehicle is automatically raised to normal level
at speeds exceeding approx. 5 km/h (3 mph).
Setting level manually
Preconditions
– Ignition on.
– Doors are closed.
Adjusting
f Move rocker switch in the appropriate direc-
tion.
This sets the next possible height.
Indication of selected level
The corresponding light-emitting diode next to the
rocker switch flashes during the adjustment
process. The light-emitting diode is lit continuously
after adjustment has been completed.
The level change is also indicated on the multi-
purpose display of the instrument panel.
Exceptions
Automatic changes from normal level to low level
and back are not indicated on the multi-purpose
display of the instrument panel.
Note on operation
The level last selected is stored in the memory
after the ignition is switched off.
1st actuation: Off-road level
Raising the vehicle
f Press rocker switch A forward once.
A message appears on the multi-purpose
display on the instrument panel and the yellow
light-emitting diode lights up when off-road
level is reached.
204 Driving and Driving Safety
2nd actuation: Special terrain level
f Press rocker switch A forward a second time.
A message appears on the multi-purpose
display on the instrument panel and the yellow
and red light-emitting diodes light up when
special terrain level is reached.
1st actuation: Low level
Lowering the vehicle
f Pull rocker switch A back once.
A message appears on the multi-purpose
display on the instrument panel and the yellow
light-emitting diode lights up when low level is
reached.
2nd actuation: Loading level
f Pull rocker switch A back a second time.
A message appears on the multi-purpose
display on the instrument panel and the yellow
and red light-emitting diodes light up when
loading level is reached.
Driving and Driving Safety 205
Warning message
Various messages are displayed on the multi-
purpose display on the instrument panel if there is
a system fault or if the compressor switches off
due to overload.
f For further information on warning messages
on the multi-purpose display:
Please observe the chapter “OVERVIEW OF
WARNING MESSAGES” on Page 151.
f Adapt your driving style to the changed
conditions.
f Consult a qualified specialist workshop in
order to remedy a system fault. We recom-
mend that you use a Porsche partner for this
work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
f If the overload-protection function causes the
compressor to switch off, wait for a time until
it has cooled down. The system will function
again as soon as it has cooled sufficiently.
The warning message appears when the control
system is switched off and when the collapsible
spare wheel is being filled. There is no fault
present in these cases.
The warning message will disappear once these
procedures have been completed.
Raising vehicle with the jack
Whenever it is necessary to raise the vehicle using
the jack:
f Manually set normal level and then switch off
level control.
Switching off level control
1. Switch ignition on.
2. Press rocker switch forward for
5 - 10 seconds.
A message is shown on the multi-purpose
display of the instrument cluster.
The vehicle can now be raised.
Switching level control back on
1. Switch ignition on.
2. Press rocker switch forward for
5 - 10 seconds or
3. Move off with the vehicle.
Level control switches on automatically.
Vehicle transport on car trains, ferries
and car transporters
f Lash the vehicle down only at its wheels.
206 Driving and Driving Safety
Porsche Active Suspension
Management (PASM)
Various messages are shown on the multi-purpose
display of the instrument panel.
f For further information on warning messages
on the multi-purpose display:
Please observe the chapter “OVERVIEW OF
WARNING MESSAGES” on Page 151.
Three different running-gear setups can be
selected at the push of a button:
– Comfort
– Normal
– Sport
If the running-gear setups “comfort” or “normal”
have been selected, the system automatically
changes the setup to “sport” when the vehicle is
driven in a sporty manner.
Indication of the selected running-gear
setup
The light-emitting diode in the button of the
selected running-gear setup is lit.
In addition, the selected running-gear setup is
shown on the multi-purpose display of the instru-
ment panel for approx. 12 seconds.
The warning light on the instrument panel lights up
if there is a system fault. A warning message is
shown on the multi-purpose display of the instru-
ment panel.
f Adapt your driving style to the changed
conditions.
f Consult a qualified specialist workshop in
order to remedy the fault. We recommend that
you use a Porsche partner for this work since
these are staffed with trained personnel and
have the necessary parts and tools.
Selecting the running-gear setup
1. Switch ignition on.
2. Press the appropriate button.
Note on operation
The running-gear setup selected last is stored in
the memory after the ignition is switched off.
Warning light and warning
message
Driving and Driving Safety 207
Porsche Dynamic Chassis
Control (PDCC)
Function
Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control (PDCC) is a
system for roll stabilisation of the vehicle body
when driving. Driving comfort and driving safety
are improved by active intervention of the anti-roll
bars on the front and rear axles.
No separate controls are available for the PDCC
system.
After selection of a running-gear setup in Porsche
Active Suspension Management (PASM):
– comfort
– normal
– sport
PDCC automatically activates the corresponding
on-road driving programme.
f For information on selecting a running-gear
setup: Please observe the chapter “PORSCHE
ACTIVE SUSPENSION MANAGEMENT (PASM)”
on Page 206.
PDCC automatically activates the off-road driving
programme if Low Range reduction is switched
on.
f For information on switching Low Range
reduction on and off:
Please observe the chapter “DRIVING
PROGRAMMES FOR ON-ROAD AND OFF-ROAD
DRIVING” on Page 184.
Warning message
A warning message appears on the multi-purpose
display of the instrument panel if there is a system
fault.
f For further information on warning messages
on the multi-purpose display:
Please observe the chapter “OVERVIEW OF
WARNING MESSAGES” on Page 151.
f Adapt your driving style to the changed
conditions.
f Consult a qualified specialist workshop in
order to remedy the fault. We recommend that
you use a Porsche partner for this work since
these are staffed with trained personnel and
have the necessary parts and tools.
Checking hydraulic fluid
Regular checking and changing of the hydraulic
fluid takes place
as part of servicing.
Further important information on “Maintenance”
can be found in a separate chapter.
f Please observe the chapter “NOTES ON
MAINTENANCE” on Page 267.
208 Driving and Driving Safety
Off-road driving
Please read this chapter carefully before driving
off road with your Porsche.
The information provided will familiarise you with
the special advantages of your vehicle, allowing
you to arrive at your destination safely every time.
We recommend practising on less rugged terrain.
Vehicles with SportDesign package
Warning!
Risk of damage. On vehicles with the Sport-
Design package, front, rear and side
member trims are painted. Off-road driving
can seriously damage these trim parts.
f When driving off-road, make sure these parts
are not damaged.
f Make sure there is sufficient clearance
between obstacles and the underside of the
vehicle.
f Avoid driving through water.
f Do not use side member trims or rear wheel
spoilers as a running board.
Maintenance note
Please bear in mind that off-road driving subjects
all vehicle components to considerably more wear
than normal use, making professional inspection
and maintenance after every use vital precondi-
tions for functioning and safety.
Grains of sand, dirt particles and other abrasive
materials entering the brakes can cause exces-
sive wear or unpredictable braking action.
Rules for off-road driving
f Pay attention to the ground clearance of the
vehicle. This information is provided in the
chapter Technical Data in this Driver’s Manual:
Please observe the chapter “GROUND CLEAR-
ANCE” on Page 370.
f Activate the Low Range off-road driving
programme.
f Stow or fasten luggage and loads securely.
For information on stowing loads and luggage:
Please observe the chapter “STOWING LOAD”
on Page 227.
f If unknown terrain is obscured from view,
examine it on foot first and traverse it with
extreme caution.
This way, obstacles are easier to recognise
and damage to the vehicle is avoided.
f Always drive with the engine running.
Steering assistance is provided only with the
engine running.
f Drive slowly and uniformly.
f Always make sure that the wheels are in
contact with the ground.
f Before driving through water, check the water
depth, the condition of the surface beneath it
and the speed of the water.
f Look out for obstacles such as boulders,
holes, tree stumps or channels.
f Always keep the sliding/lifting roof or
Panorama roof system and the side windows
closed while driving.
f Do not depart from marked routes or paths.
f Respect nature.
Always obey off-limits signs.
Driving and Driving Safety 209
Driving systems for off-road
driving
Specially adapted driving programmes or power-
transmission and running-gear control systems
are available for off-road driving:
– Low Range off-road programme
– Centre differential lock
– Rear-differential lock
– Off-road PSM
– Off-road ABS
f For further information on the functioning of
running-gear control systems:
Please observe the chapter “POWER-TRANS-
MISSION AND RUNNING-GEAR CONTROL
SYSTEMS” on Page 190.
Before driving off-road
Tyres
f Check tread depth and filling pressure of tyres.
f Check for damage and remove any foreign
objects (e.g. stones) from the tread.
f Replace missing valve caps.
Rims
f Replace dented or damaged rims before
driving off-road.
Vehicles with SportDesign package
Warning!
Risk of damage.
On vehicles with the SportDesign package,
front, rear and side member trims are
painted.
Off-road driving can seriously damage these
trim parts.
f When driving off-road, make sure these parts
are not damaged.
f Make sure there is sufficient clearance
between obstacles and the underside of the
vehicle.
f Avoid driving through water.
f Do not use side member trims as a running
board.
After driving off-road
Off-road driving places a greater burden on the
vehicle than normal driving on roads.
We recommend inspecting the vehicle after off-
road driving. Potential damage poses an accident
risk and impairs driving comfort. Damage on the
vehicle is recognised in good time if the vehicle is
checked.
Caution!
Vehicle damage poses an accident risk for
the vehicle occupants and other road users.
f In cases of doubt, have your vehicle checked
by a qualified specialist workshop.
f Examine tyres for signs of damage such as
cuts, tears, bulges or foreign objects stuck in
the tread and replace if necessary.
f Have any damage to your vehicle repaired
without delay.
Consult a qualified specialist workshop. We
recommend that you use a Porsche partner for
this work since these are staffed with trained
personnel and have the necessary parts and
tools.
210 Driving and Driving Safety
Recommended procedure
f Deactivate the Low Range off-road driving
programme.
f Clean headlights and tail lights and check them
for signs of damage.
f Clean the front and rear number plates.
f Clean the tyre tread with a jet of water and
remove any foreign objects.
f Clean wheels, wheel housings and the under-
body with a jet of water.
f Check whether the vehicle has picked up plant
parts or branches.
These materials increase the risk of fire and
can damage fuel lines, brake hoses, boots of
the axle joints and drive shafts.
f After off-road driving, always check the entire
floor assembly, tyres, body structure, steering
system, running gear and exhaust system for
signs of damage.
f After driving for an extended period through
mud, sand, water or substances with a similar
soiling effect, check the brake discs, brake
pads, wheels and axle joints and have them
cleaned.
f If you experience severe vibrations after
driving off-road, check the wheels for foreign
substances.
These substances can produce an imbalance
which might be responsible for the vibrations.
Removing these deposits may remedy the
problem.
Driving and Driving Safety 211
Uphill driving
Danger!
Danger of severe or fatal injuries and risk of
damage if the vehicle should overturn.
f Do not turn round when driving uphill.
f If it is not possible to climb a gradient, the
vehicle must be backed down in reverse gear.
f Do not drive over embankments or slopes at
an angle to the line of maximum gradient.
f If the vehicle starts to tilt, immediately steer in
the direction of the tilt (line of slope).
f When driving uphill, never let the vehicle roll
back when in idle or not in gear.
Exclusive use of the footbrake is too risky in
such situations.
Note on operation
f Activate the Low Range programme before
taking extreme uphill or downhill gradients.
Tips on driving
f Do not perform manual gear changes when
driving, and try to avoid stopping.
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2,500 rpm).
Traction on uphill slopes
Note on operation
f Activate the Low Range programme and
engage differential lock(s) if necessary.
Tips on driving
f When driving uphill, go easy on the accelerator
and make sure that wheels have sufficient
traction (do not spin).
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2,500 rpm).
f Drive slowly.
212 Driving and Driving Safety
Driving downhill
Danger!
Danger of severe or fatal injuries and risk of
damage if the vehicle should overturn.
f Do not drive over slopes at an angle to the line
of maximum gradient.
f Drive downhill slowly, with the front wheels
pointing straight ahead.
f If the vehicle starts to tilt, immediately steer in
the direction of the tilt (line of slope).
f When driving downhill, never let the vehicle roll
when in idle.
f Use engine braking effect.
If the engine braking effect is not sufficient to
appropriately check the speed, gently apply
the footbrake.
Note on operation
f Activate the Low Range off-road driving
programme. The off-road ABS is switched on
automatically.
Tips on driving
The same general principle as for uphill driving
applies to downhill driving.
f Do not perform manual gear changes when
driving, and try to avoid stopping.
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2,500 rpm).
A special circuit of the off-road ABS permits
controlled brief lock-up of the front wheels so that
they can dig into the loose surface more effec-
tively.
Locked wheels slip and can no longer be steered.
f When driving down steep hills on unpaved
surfaces, brake carefully to prevent sliding.
Humps
f Pay attention to the ground clearance of the
vehicle. This information is provided in the
chapter Technical Data in this Driver’s Manual:
Please observe the chapter “GROUND CLEAR-
ANCE” on Page 370.
Note on operation
f Activate the Low Range programme and
engage differential lock(s) if necessary.
Tips on driving
f Just before reaching the hump, ease off the
accelerator slightly and use only the vehicle’s
momentum to cross the hump. This will
prevent the vehicle from jumping over the
hump and landing on the following downward
slope at excessive speed.
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2,500 rpm).
Driving and Driving Safety 213
Water crossing
f Pay attention to the ground clearance of the
vehicle. This information is provided in the
chapter Technical Data in this Driver’s Manual:
Please observe the chapter “GROUND CLEAR-
ANCE” on Page 370.
Danger!
Danger of drowning if water enters the
vehicle. Risk of damage to the engine and
accessories if water penetrates.
f Before driving through water, check the water
depth A, water speed and the condition of the
surface beneath it.
The water depth A must not exceed 50 cm
(55.5 cm for vehicles with level control and
height adjustment).
f Make sure that the door sills and rubber seals
are clean before starting to drive.
f Do not drive through deep or rapidly flowing
water.
Deep or rapidly flowing water such as
mountain streams can cause the vehicle to
deviate from the desired path.
f Avoid producing bow waves by driving at an
appropriate speed.
f Never open the doors when driving through
water.
Soiling can impair the braking action.
f Check and clean the brakes if they have been
soiled.
Danger of steering assistance failing during
a long journey in water if the drive belt slips.
f If the steering assistance fails, more effort will
be required to steer.
Danger of damage to the electrical systems.
f Avoid driving through salt water.
214 Driving and Driving Safety
Tips on driving
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2,500 rpm).
f Do not perform manual gear changes when
driving, and try to avoid stopping.
Moving off in water can be difficult due to the
high resistance and the loose surface involved.
f Start the water crossing at a shallow place at
walking speed.
f After checking the body of water, take the
shortest route through it.
f Never drive into water with momentum. The
resulting bow wave could damage the engine
and its accessories.
f Adjust your driving style to the unfamiliar
surroundings.
f Drive through the water slowly and at a
constant speed.
f Never turn around when crossing a body of
water.
f If it is not possible to cross the body of water,
the vehicle must be backed out of it in reverse
gear.
The servo pump and generator can fail if the
vehicle is driven through water for an extended
period.
f If the servo pump fails, substantially more
force is necessary in order to steer.
Maintenance note
The vehicle requires a special check after the
water crossing.
f Remove mud from the tyre tread.
f Briefly brake the brake pads dry after driving
through the water.
Driving and Driving Safety 215
Crossing obstacles
Caution!
Risk of damage to the underbody and
chassis components if obstacles are
traversed improperly.
f Always pay attention to the ground clearance
of your vehicle.
f Slowly drive over the middle of tree trunks.
boulders or other obstacles with one of the
front wheels.
f Cross the obstacle with the rear wheel in the
same way.
Note on operation
f Activate the Low Range programme and
engage differential lock(s) if necessary.
Tips on driving
f Have your passenger direct you if necessary.
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2,500 rpm).
f Drive slowly.
Driving on sand
Note on operation
f Activate the Low Range programme and
engage differential lock(s) if necessary.
Tips on driving
Loose sand is an especially tricky surface for off-
road driving.
You can often become stuck in sand within
minutes if you do not drive correctly in such situa-
tions.
f Drive at a brisk pace and do not stop under any
circumstances. Otherwise, the vehicle will
become bogged down.
f Follow existing tracks – provided that they
have not been covered by blown sand, are not
too deep and the vehicle’s ground clearance is
sufficient.
Pay attention to the ground clearance of the
vehicle. This information is provided in the
chapter Technical Data in this Driver’s Manual:
Please observe the chapter “GROUND CLEAR-
ANCE” on Page 370.
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2500 rpm).
216 Driving and Driving Safety
When driving on slopes with soft sand on vehicles
with Tiptronic S:
f Use the manual select mode M in addition to
the Low Range programme.
If your vehicle becomes stuck nevertheless:
Do not spin the wheels. Instead, use branches,
mats or similar items to provide adequate traction
so that you can drive out of the critical area.
Track ruts
Other vehicles leave ruts on many off-road
courses or gravel roads.
f Pay attention to the ground clearance of the
vehicle. This information is provided in the
chapter Technical Data in this Driver’s Manual:
Please observe the chapter “GROUND CLEAR-
ANCE” on Page 370.
Caution!
Risk of damage to the vehicle floor when
driving through ruts that are too deep.
f Always bear in mind the vehicle’s ground clear-
ance.
f Do not drive through ruts that are too deep.
Note on operation
f Activate the Low Range programme and
engage differential lock(s) if necessary.
Tips on driving
f In cases of doubt, drive with one wheel on the
grass strip.
f Avoid high engine speeds (max. 2,500 rpm).
f Drive slowly.
Driving and Driving Safety 217
Airbag systems
Safety notes!
f Always fasten seat belts, as the triggering of
the airbag system depends on the force and
angle of any impact.
f Make sure there are no persons, animals or
objects between the driver or passengers and
the area into which the airbag inflates.
f Always hold the steering wheel by the outer
rim.
f For airbags to give effective protection, they
must be a certain distance from the driver or
passengers.
So select your seat position so that it is not
unnecessarily close to the airbags.
Do not lean against the inside of the doors
(side airbags).
f Objects must not protrude out of the door
oddments tray.
f Do not transport heavy objects on or in front of
the seats.
f Give your passengers all the information in this
chapter.
f Always keep feet in the footwell while driving.
Do not put feet on the dashboard or the seat
area.
Function
In conjunction with the seat belts, the airbags are
a safety system designed to provide the driver and
passengers with maximum protection from injury
in an accident.
Airbags protect the face and upper body, whilst
simultaneously damping the motion of the driver
and passengers in the impact direction in the
event of a frontal impact or side impact.
The front airbags are installed under the padded
steering wheel panel on the driver’s side and in the
dashboard on the passenger’s side.
The side airbags of the front seats are installed
in the side of the seat backrests.
The head airbags are installed above the doors
in the roof area.
The respective airbags could trigger depending
on the angle of impact and force of impact.
After inflation, the front airbags deflate so quickly
again that any restriction of vision is insignificant.
Equally, the inflating noise will be drowned out by
the noise of the accident.
Safety notes!
f Always consult a qualified specialist workshop
if the airbag system is faulty.
f Have triggered airbag systems replaced
immediately.
f Do not modify the wiring or components of the
airbag systems.
f Do not attach any additional trim or stickers to
the steering wheel or in the vicinity of the
passenger airbag, side airbags or head
airbag.
f Do not route any cables of additional electrical
equipment in the vicinity of the airbag wiring
harnesses.
f Do not disassemble airbag components
(e.g. steering wheel, front seats, roof trims).
f If you sell your Porsche, tell the buyer that the
car is fitted with airbags and refer him to the
chapter “Airbag Systems” in the Driver’s
Manual.
f Have the functional readiness checked at the
prescribed service intervals.
218 Driving and Driving Safety
Faults are indicated by the warning light on the
tachometer.
f Please consult a qualified specialist workshop
in the following cases:
– If the warning light does not light up when the
ignition is switched on or
– If the warning light does not go out once the
engine is running or
– If the warning light appears whilst driving.
Warning light “PASSENGER AIRBAG OFF”
f For information on the function of the warning
light A “PASSENGER AIRBAG OFF”:
Please observe the chapter “SWITCHING
PASSENGER AIRBAG ON AND OFF” on
Page 44.
Danger!
Risk of serious or mortal injury from the
passenger airbag.
If the “PASSENGER AIRBAG OFF” warning
light is not lit when the ignition is switched on
and the Airbag OFF switch is switched off,
this could indicate a fault in the system.
f Do not fit a child restraint system on the
passenger’s seat.
f Have the fault remedied immediately.
Risk of serious or mortal injury for the
passenger if the passenger airbag remains
switched off after the child seat is removed.
f The passenger airbag must be switched on
again once the child seat has been removed.
Disposal
Non-ignited gas generators, or whole vehicles or
subassemblies with airbag units, must not be
disposed of as “normal” scrap or waste or put into
any other form of end storage.
Your Porsche partner will be able to give you
details about disposal.
Warning light

Related Topics

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